Sirius Satellite Radio, Inc. :: Marketing Business Plan Essays

COMPANY BACKGROUNDSIRIUS beam intercommunicate was incorporated on May 17, 1990 as Satellite CD Radio Inc. On November 18th 1999 the company changed their name to SIRIUS Satellite Radio Inc, which is the name under which the FCC license to distribute satellite radio receiver was given to. SIRIUS Satellite radio currently offers over 100 of music, news, sports, talk, entertainment, traffic, weather, and childrens programming to subscribers throughout the United States. Their primary source of revenue is through subscription fees, with nigh of their customers subscribing to SIRIUS Satellite Radio on either a monthly or a yearly basis. They also derive revenue from activation fees, advertising sales on non-music conduct and the direct sale of SIRIUS radios, which are currently sold in over 6,500 retail locations around the nation. As of December 31, 2004, SIRIUS has had over 1.2 million subscribers and 375 employees.MARKETSThe overall grocery for Sirius is any consumer that listens to the radio. The target market that Sirius is aiming for is the 100 million automobiles currently on the road today. Sirius solo has to gain a small portion of this market to fail a profitable company.COMPETITIONSirius faces tilt for both listeners and advertising dollars. In addition to pre-recorded entertainment purchased or paying in cars, homes and using portable players, Sirius competes most directly with the following providers of radio or other audio servicesXM Radio. Siriuss direct competitor in satellite radio service is XM Radio, the only other FCC licensee for satellite radio service in the United States. XM Radio broadcasts certain programming that we do not offer. XM Radio service is also offered as an option on various car model brands, certain of which do not also offer SIRIUS radios. Traditional AM/FM Radio. Siriuss competition also includes traditional AM/FM radio. Unlike SIRIUS radio, traditional AM/FM radio has had a well established market for its services f or umpteen years and generally offers free broadcast reception paid for by commercial advertising rather than by a subscription fee. Also, many radio place offer information programming of a topical anaesthetic nature, such as local news and sports, which Sirius does not offer as effectively as local radio. Some radio stations also have begun reducing the number of commercials per hour, expanding the range of music played on the air and experimenting with new formats in found to compete more directly with satellite radio services. Internet Radio and Downloading Devices. Internet radio broadcasts have no geographic limitations and can provide listeners with radio programming from around the country and the world.

Greed and Power…The Death of a Society Essay -- Literary Analysis, Jon

In his satiric essay, A Modest Proposal, Jonathan agile proposes eating children in order to highlight the concomitant that other plausible measures for fixing Irelands economic problems are being ignored. Swift implies that a nations most significant problems stem from the voraciousness of the wealthy. He asserts this through his consumption of diction, satire, and ethos.Diction is used by the author in order to imply that those who are financially blessed generate a nations biggest problems. Swifts choice of formal yet derogatory diction projects his own perspective on how the rich view the poor. He uses the word scheme to describe his plan although he criticizes several schemes of other projectors (Swift 4). This is one of the first clues that helps to indicate that even Swift dislikes his idea, one aggressively bolstered by the rich who have money to gain. Words like sacrificinginnocent and crucified depict a savage death, usually in return for something that will benefit th e greater good like that of Christ or a soldier dying when returning to a bombed area to save a small child (5 and 18). However, in this case, rather than sacrificing themselves, Swift explains that the rich will unfeelingly allow the poor to suffer unmentionable deaths in order for the rich to make enough amplification to account for the expensiveness of their idleness (28). His choice of belittling diction through the words savages and reserved for breed points out the condescending way in which those of the upper row view the masses (10). These words show them as little more than uncivilized animals to be sold at the market, which through his proposal, would become a reality. Swifts choice in diction helps to emphasize the widening schism between the rich a... ...the country of Cavan within his essay (18 and 6). Swifts use of ethos assures the reader that there are people other than him who concur with his ideas. Ethos helps to give readers a sense of security, a Hey, if he li kes it, it must be good reference of mentality. However, when scrutinized, one will notice that all those Swift cites are presumably wealthy people of the upper class. The essay contains no ethos from those of the lower class. Thus in effect Swifts use of ethos also slyly places blame and reproach on the greed of the wealthy while also increasing the boldness of his argument. Swifts use of diction, satire, and ethos asserts that the gluttony from the wealthy procures major problems for a nation. Although a satire was needed for the people of old Ireland to realize this, for the people of the unexampled world, such knowledge came with little persuasion.

Black Boy :: essays research papers

The Crying of Lot 49In a level as confusing and ambiguous as Thomas Pynchons The Crying of Lot 49, it is difficult to connect any aspect of the book to a tack together of modern culture. However, Oedipas quest, her search for the truth, and the paranoia therein, are inherent in the plots of todays most-watched tv and movies. Though many themes from the tosh can be fasten to modern culture, perhaps the most prominent is the theme of a quest for truth. Oedipas quest is best represented via a popular FOX television show called The X-Files.At first sight, the comparison is almost too obvious. Agent Fox Mulder, played by David Duchovny, seeks the truth behind the apparent mystery of alienate abduction and the supernatural, a quest that he dubs the X-Files. Oedipa, too, is looking for the truth underneath her mystery WASTE. Both characters yearn for the truth behind events, a truth that may or may not exist, in mysteries that fold plots upon themselves endlessly. Beyond the obvious similarities, however, lie more, almost uncanny, parallels.Though both Mulder and Oedipa claim to seek the truth, what they both seek is resolving power to the questions within themselves. For example, it is understood by fans of The X-Files that Mulder began his search for extraterrestrial life with the supposed alien abduction of his sister. The quest for the truth, then, is personalized for Agent Mulder, as he himself claims that he would not work as an FBI agent if his sister had not been supposedly abducted. Oedipa is on a personal quest as well. No other character in the story seeks the truth behind WASTE, the muted couriers horn, the play The Couriers Tragedy, Pierce Inveraritys stamps, and a secret postal service. In fact, no one else has ever before made such a possibly ridiculous connection So, as both characters seek their personal truths, they slowly begin to fear that no answer exists.The motives of these two seekers are important, and indeed similar. There seems to b e an obsession to find a truth in symbols (be they horns or crop circles), a truth that both characters come to realize may not even exist. By definition, obsession is a persistent disturbing preoccupation with an often unreasonable image or feeling. Therefore, the moment that their questions are absolved, the moment that their hypotheses are proved, the quest and its subsequent paranoia, frustration, and pain are removed.

Liberation Thought and Bhakti-yoga Essay -- Liberation Ideology, Hind

Liberation is a prominent ideology well dysphoric throughout the formation and development of history Hindooism. In general, the religious school of Indian philosophy is multiform with different tendencies, but mostly focused on explaining critical issues such as the phenomenon of nature, the meaning of life, the source of human suffering, and the path, which is the way to second people liberation from the suffering of the life. Like any other past Indian religions thoughts, Hinduism also aims at the ultimate liberation. This is well expounded within its philosophies and make outs. For Hinduism, the ultimate liberation is returning to Braham. According to Bhagavad Gita, there are three ways of practice that lead to liberation.. These are janna-yoga (the way of knowledge), bhakti- yoga (the practice of devotion) and karma-yoga (the course of action). In other words, one can practice any of these methods to achieve union with God. This paper I will analyze some important aspects o f bhakti-yoga and how it can lead one to attain ultimate liberationreturn to Atman. In doing this investigation, I hope to help the reader broaden their knowledge on liberation in Hinduism. As Radhakrishnan says we may climb the mountain from different paths, but the view from the summit is equivalent for all. II. What does liberation means in Hinduism?The moksha word is often translated as salvation or liberation. In Longman Dictionary, liberation is defined as the act of freeing prisoners, a city, a country, etc. According to Hinduism, moksha, mukti from the cycle of suffering and rebirth (samsara) is the supreme goal of human existence. Much has been written about the nature and path of release. genuine liberation means freeing of an individ... ... to them, take care to bless them with Mukti also. In other words, if one loves God and serves Him with wholeheartedly, he or she will be minded(p) with moksha, liberation.Works CitedEmbree, Ainslie Thomas, Stephen N Hay, and Wi lliam Theodore De Bary. Sources of Indian Tradition. New York Columbia University Press, 1988.Fort, Andrew O, and Patricia Y Mumme. Living Liberation in Hindu Thought. Albany, NY State Univerasity of New York Press, 1996.Huyler, Stephen P. Meeting God Elements of Hindu Devotion. New Haven, CT Yale University Press, 1999.Longman Dictionary of American English A Dictionary for Learners of English. New York, N.Y. Longman, 1983.Radhakrishnan, S. Indian Philosophy. New York Macmillan, 1958.Tyagisananda. Aphorisms on the religious doctrine of Divine Love Or, Narada Bhakti Sutras,. Madras Sri Ramakrishna Math, 1967.

Principle of Convergence and the Theme of Disempowerment Essay

The Principle of Convergence and the Theme of DisempowermentIn this paper, I propose to present interpretations of six cyphers by French ruseists,three painters (Watteau, Delacroix, and Manet) and three novelists (Zola, Proust, andCamus), and to report on the unexpected disco rattling (if it deserves to be called such) thatthese disparate works have certain principles of structuring in common.Let us eliminate from the outset a possible source of distraction these studies areinterdisciplinary in character, but that seems to have nothing to do with the discoveriesmade.One way to throw light on the meaning of a novel or a painting is to view it inthe light of a concept drawn from another discipline. Thus the various modes ofstructuralism borrowed from structural linguistics, either directly (e.g. via certainseminal works of Roman Jakobson, such as his famous essay on metaphor andmetonymy) or indirectly (e.g. as mediated by the structural anthropology of ClaudeLvi-Strauss). Such is th e nature of interdisciplinary research. It is particularly appropriateand valuable when a key element or a central aspect of a text has manifestly not given upits secrets to whatever of the traditional or conventional modes of analysis.In analyzing these works, I have had recourse to psychology, psychoanalysis,transactional analysis, group behaviour theory, feminism and control theory. However,the discovery I am presenting does not appear to depend in any way on theinterdisciplinary character of the perspectives used. Rather, it depends on the plausibilityof the interpretation and the central character of the aspects of the work being interpreted.Complexity in LEmbarquement pour Cythere. The rococo is generallythough... ...often withoutany obvious link between these two features having been noticed previously, isunexpected, both for the art critic and the literary critic. Equally intriguing is thediscovery that each of the works we have examined here leads the viewer/readerthrou gh a two-part drama of disempowerment and re-empowerment that takes verydifferent forms but in its essence recurs over and over again. As far as I know, this hasnever even been suspected by any critic or historian.It would be very interesting to know just how many great works of art andliterature can be fracture understood in the light of such concepts or clusters of concepts asthose used here.When we have noted that all these works appear to represent variations on virtuosoand the same drama, we are left with an intriguing question that remains to beanswered do they all have the same function?

Principle of Convergence and the Theme of Disempowerment Essay

The Principle of Convergence and the Theme of DisempowermentIn this paper, I propose to present interpretations of six deeds by French artists,three painters (Watteau, Delacroix, and Manet) and three novelists (Zola, Proust, andCamus), and to report on the unexpected discovery (if it deserves to be called such) thatthese disparate works have certain principles of structuring in common. permit us eliminate from the outset a possible source of distraction these studies areinterdisciplinary in character, but that seems to have nothing to do with the discoveriesmade. wizard way to throw light on the meaning of a novel or a painting is to view it inthe light of a model drawn from another discipline. Thus the various modes ofstructuralism borrowed from structural linguistics, either directly (e.g. via certainseminal works of Roman Jakobson, such as his illustrious essay on metaphor andmetonymy) or indirectly (e.g. as mediated by the structural anthropology of ClaudeLvi-Strauss). Such i s the nature of interdisciplinary research. It is especially appropriateand valuable when a key element or a central aspect of a text has manifestly not given upits secrets to any(prenominal) of the traditional or conventional modes of analysis.In analyzing these works, I have had recourse to psychology, psychoanalysis,transactional analysis, group behaviour theory, feminism and control theory. However,the discovery I am presenting does not appear to depend in any way on theinterdisciplinary character of the perspectives used. Rather, it depends on the plausibilityof the interpretation and the central character of the aspects of the work organism interpreted.Complexity in LEmbarquement pour Cythere. The rococo is generallythough... ...often withoutany obvious link between these two features having been noticed previously, isunexpected, both for the art dilettante and the literary amateur. Equally intriguing is thediscovery that each of the works we have examined here leads the viewer/readerthrough a two-part drama of disempowerment and re-empowerment that takes very antithetical forms but in its essence recurs over and over again. As far as I know, this hasnever even been suspected by any critic or historian.It would be very interesting to know just how many great works of art andliterature can be better dumb in the light of such concepts or clusters of concepts asthose used here.When we have noted that all these works appear to represent variations on oneand the akin drama, we are left with an intriguing question that remains to beanswered do they all have the same function?

Barangay Information System Essay

Computerization is a control organization that manages the handle in industrial workplace. It reduces human errors and affect metre, thus it git boost productivity and results into high quality of product produce. In an info constitution, selective information processorization is cin one caserned about interrelating contrastive but inter myrmecophilous transactions. This stack result in a system with comfortably-integrated processes that cigarette perform much alacritous and more straight than a manual of arms system. Enrollment is the process of entering and verifying information of student to register on a particular naturalise. Different interrelated processes build up adjustment procedures c eached an enrollment system. Enrollment systems argon apply particularly in accedeing and retrieving students development. Tracking students information is also maven feature of enrollment system, in which the school eject trace the standing of a student. Wherever you go you can see people that are dependent on technology. Almost everybody knows how to use such technology. It makes our work faster and easier. Despite this progress. We tranquilize cannot deny the fact that there are still firms which are utilize manual process in recording their daily transactions, giving reports manually, that takes a lot of age and have not yet tried to hold to halt technology in their field. Even though we live in an era that relies on ready reckoners and the internet, and we found out that most of the Barangays here in Cebu are still doing manual process on their informations and data processing.The Barangay is a very essential place where it contains information about the people living there. Some people would investigate some information they need that can only be found in the barangay. With only manual processing it would take time to search for information. be boldnesss with the aid of estimators it would owing(p)ly ameliorate the time and resu lt you will get compared to manual labour or work done by hand. And we will be proposing an information system which would be of great help if they wish to adapt our system. We were determined to come up with a system that will change all their existing manual system into a very accurate and competent Barangay breeding schema. With this proposed scheme, it will help them save time. This system is much better compared to the ones theyre currently using. And manual processing is really inaccurate and timeconsuming. While on the new(prenominal) hand if they do agree to adapt with the system that we came up with it will practically improve their jobs. They can avoid most of the most common problems that most people will encounter in manual processing. callable to competitiveness it would be best that every barangay should adapt to this kind of development. Our system is a simple program be aftered to make their jobs accurate, faster and more reliable.1.1 footing of the ProjectThe purpose of this support is to help the Barangays in Cebu in making their work faster and easier. Most of the barangays in Cebu still practice manual processing in information. This project will encourage them to adapt to greater heights and make them understand how this project will benefit them in more shipway than one. The project itself is very simple. We made it as substance abuser-friendly as it can be. So that take down the elderly can operate it without them getting conf apply in navigating. The program utilise in the system consist of simple GUI which is a type of interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices finished graphical icons and opthalmic indicators such as secondary notation. We made it that way so that the user wont get bored in using the program. This project intends the barangay to adapt to the new era that we are living.It is unpractical for them to stick to manual processing when almost everyone is already using the aid of computers a nd technology. Moreover this project will also improve our community. Because this can increase the potential of information sharing from one barangay to the other. We stick to the idea any work a human can do in an hour a machine can do it in a minute. Its more practical for us right now to apply computerized handling in activities rather than sticking to manual manipulation which could cost us time, and that time could eventually cost us money. This will surely pass along them a satisfying benefit. Not just the ones using this system but also for those who seek informations that can only be found in the barangay. And also since computer machines are now fad these days, it is now much cheaper to implement this project proposal. 1.2 Statement of the ProblemThe main problem encountered by most barangays in Philippines is the difficulty in recording data and undependable reports of information. Thisis because they still practice manual use of storing and retrieving data.1.3 pecu liar(prenominal) Problema. Difficulty in keeping, updating and retrieving of personal information of house physicians in their respective barangays due to manual storing of data. There is also a tendency that there will be a loss of important files because their files are not unbroken properly punchd.b. Residents are having a disfranchised time acquiring security departments they need due to delayed response from the barangay.c. Their files, documents, certificates and other important information are not properly organized. Keeping important files for future usage is not an lento thing to do manually.d. Their employees are having a hard time working manually. When a resident asks for an important document usually an employee would assist the resident but because their documents arent properly organized the employee would have a hard time finding the document the resident requested.e. Losing moant Files and Documents. There are times where they would lose an important file and there is no way for them to observe it, it would cause a serious problem. With manual storing of data theres a higher chance of losing important data while on the other hand if you apply automated storage of your files you can easily make back up files and keep it safe and secure.f. Manual processing of data is a waste of time. Time is really important especially if youre working for the benefit of others. But with the help of technology and machines they can make our work faster and easier. When applying an automated system you can do more than before. Doing things manually is really hard in our time where everything is automatic and is working side by side with computers.1.4 Statement of Goals and ObjectivesOur objective is to develop an breeding ashes that will help varied barangays manage their important files and documents properly and to make their work faster, easier and more accurate.1.5 Specific Objectivesa. To develop a system that can manage and organize a barangays h ousehold. In our system there is a share where you can add, edit, invite out and view information of residents living in that barangay.b. To improve the barangays welfare and their relationship with their residents. Our system is capable of viewing old entries of information concerning wellness, crime and other important topics that would affect a persons well-being in that barangay.c. We want to improve the barangays relationship with their residents. With that in mind we added a section in our system that can do just that. We added a duty & Entertainment system in our system. In this section you can search for different businesses and entertainment findible in that area, this will also help new residents to know the place better with ease.d. To make their employees work faster and easier. With the aid of our system everything is just a single clicks reach.e. To help both residents and employees in the barangay. We also included a section where for instance a resident would ne ed a certain certificate, now the employee can just access our Certificates Section and look for the certificate he/she needs and a blank duplicate of that certificate would appear automatically1.6 Scope and LimitationThe system is capable of storing and retrieving information. In our system we have 3 primary section panels. They are the household, Businesses and certificates. In the household panel we can store and retrieve informations regarding the residents living in the barangay. And in the Business panel we can list, search and remove business that is available in the barangay. In the certificates panel there is a list of certificates and you can look forthe certificate you need and when you pick that certificate our system will be Able to give you a blank copy of that certificate. This study was tradeed in order to help the barangay update their information. They can easily remove business that is not in business anymore. They can remove the look up of the residents who already left. And they can easily replace old certificates. As the proponent we formulated the scope of this project to keep the barangay and the way they handle their documents up to date. 1.7 Significance of the ProjectThis study has a significant impact on the followingBarangay Sab.aThe client of the Project, Barangay Sab.a will be the main beneficiary of the developed system. With the use of the automated system it is easier for them to store, manage and keep track of all their documents. This system will be of a great help to them since their current process of information is manual. Barangays In CebuOur system is compatible with other barangays in Cebu, if theyre willing to use our program. We made it possible to be compatible with any barangay in Cebu or even in the Philippines. DevelopersThis study provides an experience to the developers in dealing with barangays and they can improve their communication skills, programming skills and overall experience as a whole Future i nquiryersThis will serve as a intimateence to future seekers that they can have an idea. It will give them additional knowledge on how to develop an application that can store and retrieve information from a database.CHAPTER II2.1 Review of Related Work and StudiesBarangay Information SystemA very essential factor to consider in coming up with a better view of what will really be the outcome of the proposed project thus, related literaturestudies and works should be reviewed, analysed and studied.INFORMATION SYSTEMInformation systems encompasses a variety of disciplines such as the analysis and design of systems, computer networking, information security, database management and decision support systems. Information management deals with the practical and theoretical problems of collecting and analyzing information in a business berth area including business productivity tools, applications programming and implementation, electronic commerce, digital media production, data mining , and decision support. Communications and networking deals with the telecommunication technologies. Information systems bridges business and computer lore using the theoretical foundations of information and computation to study various business models and related algorithmic processes within a computer science disciplineIn essence Information System is the maximum use of resource at hand to improve an organization that includes virtually all resources including technology in transforming data resources into a variety of Information products. User Activity TrackerThis System can track a users activity. This system will notify and automatically store his activities like logging in information manipulation includes adding, deleting and editing of stored information in our database. MOST USED SYSTEMSStoring Tracker of InformationStoring Tracker will track data that you will store in your database. Every time you add or remove a data it will notify you. This will help remind you what you just did. Uses for Storing Tracker1. This will notify you what information you just added or removed in your database.2. Allows you to store data more accuratelySite ExtendA web based application for barangays which provides content that repoints andshows how they deal with their problems with manual manipulation of data, it is designed to make us use automated systems in our barangays serp-p.pids.gov.ph Barangay trouble software productThis software is designed to help barangays manage their information properly. This will also make work faster and easier for barangay officials. Barangay Registry Information SystemqBris- Barangay Registry Information System is a web-based database information system solution designed for Philippine Barangays. The system hold, monitor and manage common Barangay information such as Barangay DemographicsBarangay OfficialsBarangay sign of the zodiacLivelihoodsOrganizationHealth WorkersEtc.Qbris Improves your employers job. With everything aut omated everything is within a clicks reach. Everything is available and can be stored and retrieved from its database Data and Information usage doesnt have to be time consuming, and doesnt have to be complicated. qBris offers a very simple means of making your work faster and easier, summation trailing and digital home inventory software made simple. ASSOCIATED STUDIESBarangay Accounting SystemBarangay Accounting System helps the barangay with their finances and other financial problems. This system is used in barangays in Davao http//accountingdavao.com/BARANGAY/ Barangay Attendance Monitoring SystemBarangay Attendance Monitoring system will monitor attendance of Barangay officials and its employers. This system was developed by an anonymous student. Dota 2 Shop/Market Reservation SystemThe Idea is to make a system that can sell dota 2 items that has a reservation system and online ordering (http//www.dota2shop.net). Thiswebsite is an online reservation shop for dota 2 cosmetic items. They clear-cut to make this shop for players worldwide. Dota 2 has a very rich communityAn Algorithm to emigrate CDS/ISIS Flat File to MySQL Database in Windows PlatformThe Import, merchandise and Script Generator tools now run as stand-alone windows to allow easier navigation and multi-threaded execution evaluate RDBMS files (AquaFold, Inc. c, 2008).Features include* Handle identity columns with the Identity Insert keyword* Use Object Quoted Identifiers to delimit names with spaces* Next/Previous navigation for easy re-execution* Preview SQL for easy copy & paste* Remember user preferences each time the tools are executedCocoaMySQL (Mac OS X) Data Importation and Exportation (Textor, L., 2003) * Import an entire database or any Comma Separated Values (CSV) file * Export to a CocoaMySQL dump format, CSV format or Extensible Markup Language (XML) format * Dump tables or entire databases to the formats listed above * Generate SQL table syntax of the tables for re-creation in another database DBVisualizer (Windows, Linux/Unix, Mac OS X) Export & Import Any result line up can be exported using the export wizard. It supports HyperText Markup Language (HTML), XML, CSV, SQL and TEXT formats (MINQ Software, 2008). * Export any result set CSV HTML XLS XML SQL TEXT (free version CSV HTML only) * examine Data Generator (not in free version)* Table Data Import (not in free version)RazorSQL (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux/Unix) Export & ImportExport The Export tool allows users to export data from tables, views, or queries in several formats including Excel, delmited format, HTML, XML, Text, and as SQL insert statements. Multiple or single tables can be exported at a time. Import The Import tool allows users to import data intotables from Excel files, delimited files, or fixed width files (Richardson Softwarec, 2008).SQLgrinder (Mac OS X) Export & ImportAn Algorithm to migrate CDS/ISIS Flat File to MySQL Database in Windows Platform Export the delimiter can be s et, add columns, specify the export column order and add export criteria. Import allows to specify the characteristics of the import file, and preview the column interpret (Advenio, LLC c, 2007).YourSQL (Mac OS X)- New Experimental Feature Import/ExportAfter a long block of experimentation, the Import/Export function has been added to a public version The function is still limited (handles only textual progeny data,) but sufficiently stable to be used on simple tables. CSV files can be exported from the File menu (YourSQL, 2008).Geographic Information SystemM Salem, (2008) stated that Geographic information systems refer to a map that indicates the importance of certain objects and regions. With global positioning systems, or GPS, users can pinpoint precise locations across the globe. It can also be used to create maps of amazing and unprecedented accuracy, and locate objects anywhere in the world. GIS is computer system that records, stores and analyzes information about the fe atures that make up the earths surface. In the Philippines, geographicalal information system (GIS) is the fast gaining popularity with its integrative and analytic cap expertness. Government agencies like department of transportation and communication (DOTC), department of education (DepEd), and the national mapping and resources information authority (NAMRIA) have already completed several projects related to GIS. (Kraak and Omaling, 2001)According to James (2003), during the last decades, develop around digital spatial data handling gained momentum, consequently the environments where maps were used has changed considerably for most users, with the computer come on screen maps. Through these maps, the database, which they were generated, can be queried, and some basic analytical functionality can now be access. In the 1980s these software that allowed for queries and analysis of spatial databecause known as Geographical Information System (GIS). With the development of the Geogr aphic Information System technology it became possible to adapt interactive maps to the specific needs and requirements of a certain organization. It has served different types of applications and has provided a unique ability to display database information on a map. 2 GPS System Tracking Applications of GPS Tracking SystemThe General Positioning System (GPS) tracking system is the modish breakthrough of the technology aiming at improving peoples lives. The GPS tracking system is reported to be used as a travel guide and as a tracking device of vehicles. No matter its application, GPS devices are good travelling companions. The actual process of GPS tracking system is straightforward. In short, there are demandly 27 satellites rolling around the center of the Earth. Out of them, 24 are used by the GPS technology and the remaining ones are used for storage purposes. A GPS receiver installed in your car emits a signal to these satellites. Four available satellites will be used to find out your exact position.The mathematical tenet involves in this computing process is called trilateration. It can be achieved in either two dimensions or three dimensions. 2.2.2 A Trainable Transfer-based Machine definition Approach for Languages with Limited Resources This describes an approach to machine translation that is specifically designed for rapid development of MTs with limited online resources. Its principles, which was mentioned in the paper, are (1) that there is a incident to automate the learning of syntactic transfer rules from limited amounts of word-aligned data (2) that such data can be acquired from average bilingual speakers of the pair of languages and (3) the rules that were attained from the process can be used for machine translation to other languages. After attaining the rules, they were then used to translate previously unseen source language text into the target language. The approach was used during the development of a Hindi-to-English machine translator within two months with limited Electronic Barangay Management Information SystemThe eBMIS is a standalone all-inclusive-blown NGAS-based application software developed since 2009 with Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, Crystal comprehends 8.5and Microsoft Access 2003.It is designed to handle a wide-range of information such as barangay profile, residents profile, barangay IDs/clearances, barangay disputes/cases, barangay activities, barangay legislation, barangay health services, budget management, financial and accounting transactions. This application software is equipped with integral systems to cover almost all functions, activities and transactions of the barangay and developed to provide complete and accurate information and reportorial requirements for the barangay management and its stakeholders.The following integrated systems areResident Profiling System (RPS) The RPS manages basic information or profile of barangay residents such as barangay ID number, full name, b irth place, date of birth, gender, civil place, complete cost, precinct, contact details, employment records, parents/spouse information and etc. The system also monitors derogatory records of barangay residents and maintains a record annals of issued barangay IDs and clearances. Each barangay resident profile includes a digital photo image for proper identification which can be automatically taken from a web or digital camera. Barangay ID System (BIDS) The system automatically generates barangay ID card with a predefined flexible format or layout based on the saved profile. The ID card contains the name and address of the issuing barangay, ID number, full name and complete address of the ID holder, ID picture, validity period, blood type, height, precinct number, contact person in case of emergency and etc. The barangay may implement ID system as long as it is supported or mandated by a local ordinance or resolution. Barangay Clearance System (BCS) The BCS automatically gene rates barangay clearance certificate using an elegant design by providing a valid barangay ID number. The barangay clearance shows information such as name and address of the requestor or holder, certificate number, purpose of the clearance, derogatory records if theres any, date and place of issuance, names and positions of barangay officials and a digital photo image of the requestor or holder. The barangay clearance certificate can be issued whether the requestor has derogatory records ornone.Barangay Dispute System (BDS) The BDS handles the disputes or cases filed in the barangay and maintains information such as case number, date of filing, personal details of complainant and respondent, case type (i.e. civil, criminal or administrative), nature of case/dispute, action taken by the lupon (i.e. mediation, conciliation, arbitration, repudiation, dismissed, certified case, pending case or on-going) and status of the case. The system also monitors derogatory records of barangay re sidents. Any unsettled cases or disputes will be automatically presented in barangay clearance certificate. The reports generated by the system are a.) Katarungang Pambarangay sort 1 b.) Katarungang Pambarangay Form 2 and c.) Monthly Accomplishment Report Part III. Barangay Activity System (BAS) The BAS manages the activities, projects or programs implemented by the barangay. It handles information such as activity ID number, name of activity/project/program, output, date of implementation, location, memory board amount and source, responsible persons and any remarks. The report generated by this system is the Monthly Accomplishment Report Part I. Barangay Legislation System (BLS) The BLS handles the legislative activities of the barangay such as regular and special sessions. It maintains information like type of session, date of conduct, venue, present members, absent members, output, fund amount and source and any remarks.The reports generated by BLS are Monthly Accomplish ment Report Part II and Session Attendance Schedule. Budget Management System (BMS) The BMS manages budget appropriations and commitments of the barangay both for current and continuing appropriations per object of expending. It has an option for supplemental budget and budget realignment. A budget can be realigned from one expenditure class to another expenditure class, i.e. PS to MOOE. The reports generated by BMS are Registry of Appropriations & Commitments (RAC) and Status of Appropriations, Commitments & Balances (SACB). Barangay Record Keeping System (BRKS) The BRKS complies with the requirements of Volumes 1-3 of the New Government Accounting System (NGAS) for barangays. All collections, deposits, CM/DM/bank transactions, check disbursements, cash disbursements and petty cash disbursements are entered through the system and will be automatically stick on to their respective registers. The reports generated by BRKS are the following Summary of Collections & Remittances (S CR-BT), Summary of Collections & Remittances (SCR-DBC), Summary ofCollections & Deposits (SCD), Summary of Checks Issued (SCkI), Summary of change Payments (SCP), Summary of Paid Petty Cash Vouchers (SPPCV), Cash Receipts & Deposits Register (CRDReg), Cash on Hand and in Bank Register (CHBReg), Check Disbursements Register (CkDReg), Cash Disbursements Register (CDReg), Petty Cash breed Register (PCFReg), Abstract of CTC Collection and Abstract of Garbage Collection.Barangay Management System (BMS)This system facilitates barangay management by enabling the client barangay to maintain their resident records as complete and up-to-date as possible and as easily accessible for verification, monitoring and reference purposes based on the available residents census data kept by the client barangay. Data provided by this system in the form of comprehensive reports are invaluable for planning, program implementation and related purposes. FeaturesAutomatic Business Processes among the basi c components of BMS is its automatic assessment feature which facilitates processing of community tax dues, professional tax, barangay clearance fees and other such charges whichare sources of barangay revenues. The system also allows for other barangay-related functions such as those including security and peace-keeping operations such as incident reporting, blotter, reports and records of the barangay peace-keeping council, and other related services. Forms and Reports The system prepares and prints barangay permits and certifications (e.g. Community Tax Certificate, Occupational permits, Barangay Clearance, etc.) as well as important reports such as Barangay Profile, Socio-Demographic Profile, Residents Census Information, etc. Query user-friendly query feature enables easy searching of records depending on chosen parameters (e.g. by kind of permit and/ or certification issued, by date of issuance of permit/ certification, by client-name, etc.) Standard-based conforms with Loc al Government Code Sec. 394 (d) (6) which provides that each barangay maintain an updated record of residents for easy identification of inhabitants, for use as a planning tool, and of updated reference on the local barangay statistics. Design and Security Features User-friendly design using easily-comprehensible menus facilitates economic consumption of application features. Flexible system makes it customizable depending on the needs and requirements of client Barangay. Employs a back-up and recovery utility for file integrity and security. BMS can also be connect to a client LGUs existing GIS or Information System which would enable them to generate graphically-enhanced demographic profile for each barangay. Activity Tracking SystemThere are many reasons why companies are tracking their employees computer activity. While increased business use of the internet has resulted in many new opportunities, it has also opened the door for more potential misuse of company equipment. It is possible for employees to send personal e-mails from their workstations, conduct on-line shopping expeditions, access online games, or spend time on affable networking websites or other sites that have nothing to do with their work responsibilities. ActivTrak is a leading activity tracking software product that employers can use. ActivTrak is loaded with user-friendly features that make it simpler to successfully track employee activity. Using ActivTrak, you can monitor several computer users at once in real time. You can compile useful statistical information on the applications and documents employees have used in addition to thewebsites they have visited. ActivTrak software even has an alarm system that can warn you of activity that is out of the ordinary. In addition to activity tracking, ActivTrak allows you to chat with computer users and can act as a blocking device to prevent the use of certain websites or applications. Installed on each Windows workstation, this activit y tracking software allows the viewer to take a grab of the users screen as they are working. The snapshot can be refreshed as often as is needed. In this way an employer can view real time images of multiple users computer stations. At the same time it also records complete URL for a browser, application usage time and compiles the data into convenient statistics. This method of using the titlebar as a basis for collecting statistics makes ActivTrak different from other activity tracking software. Information Systems and Data ManagementReview of Related LiteratureInformation systems and data management researchers at UQ are tackling the challenges of big data, real-time analytics, data modelling and smart information use. The van solutions developed at UQ will lead to user empowerment at an individual, corporate and societal level. Our researchers are making a sustained and influential persona to the management, modelling, governance, integration, analysis and use of very large quantities of diverse and complex data in an link up world. The quality of our research effort has been recognised nationally and internationally. The 2012 integrity in Research for Australia exercise rated Information Systems research at UQ at the highest level, well above world standard. The QS World University Rankings by Subject 2013 ranked UQs Computer Science and Information Systems research 25th in the world. Our researchers have received numerous awards and fellowships, including Fellowships of the Australian Academy of Science and of the Australian Computer Society, Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellowships, and an Emerald Management Reviews Citation of Excellence Award. UQ researchers collaborate with global industry leaders in the IT sector, renowned thought leaders, and a range of user organisations and communities. These collaborations span application areas such as intelligent transportation and logistics, water resource management, environmental studies, socialcomputing, healthcare, compliance and risk management, IT governance, and business process management.UQ latterly headquartered a national research network on Enterprise Information Infrastructure (2005-2010) that profoundly influenced the Australian research community in terms of research collaboration, training and quality, and continues to play a leading role in promoting excellence in research training. Research topics at UQ include management of complex and interconnected data including spatiotemporal, multimedia, social, scientific and environmental data, new computing architectures for real-time analytics in data-intensive applications, and effective use and governance of information systems..The University of Queensland Information System Research in Information Systems and Data Management predominantly occurs in the School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering as well as other schools in the Faculties of Engineering, Architecture and Information Techno logy Business, Economics and Law and Science. There are also significant contributions in applied research made by the Queensland psyche Institute (QBI), the Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) and the Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR). Information Systems and Data Management research is supported by a high performance computing lab that provides the capa urban center to store, manage and analyse over 40TB of data using cluster, multi-core and in-memory computing architectures, as well as locomote data capture and visualisation capabilities. Recognising the critical importance of application drivers in defining and pursuing meaningful problems, UQ researchers consistently position their research across a liberal range of applications spanning business, scientific and social domains.The eResearch group led by Professor Jane Hunter is involved in a large number of data-centric applications in both the sciences and humanities. The group investigates innovative approa ches to management, analysis and visualisation services for large-scale data collections to accelerate scientific discovery. The common aim is to expedite research outcomes through the sharing, integration and analysis of open access data, using Semantic Web and Linked Open Data approaches. Hunters group has attracted funding from Microsoft Research, the Mellon home and the ARC to develop ontology-based data integration and reasoning services for numerous agencies including the Great Barrier Reef Foundation, the Australian Bureau of Statistics, and the Atlas ofLiving Australia. The research results of the data and knowledge engineering, eResearch, and business information systems groups have been applied to a large variety of data sets including GPS and trajectory data, sensor and news feeds, multimedia data, social data, bibliometric data and business data. The research has profound implications for new applications such as environmental resources management, intelligent transport systems, fleet management, location-based services and marketing, and location-based social networks, all of which can benefit from effective and efficient analysis of large amounts of trajectory data. Likewise, the work on multimedia search is a key technology for a broad range of critical applicant School District and Demographics SystemThis new site from the National Centre for Education Statistics (NCES) acts as a gateway to geographic and demographic data related to school districts, children, and K-12 education. From the front page of the site, users will be able to access data from the 2000 Census, the 1999 Census, intercensal school district demographic data, and maps of school districts. These latter two functions are not yet available the maps are still being developed, and the intercensal data provided limited scope with regard to subject matter updates to the Census 2000 data. Even in its nascent stages, however, this site is useful for those looking for data regarding US schools. The help documentation and online explanations are easy to understand, and the data can be downloaded in comma separated value files or accessed online. One particularly helpful feature is the district profiles page in the Census 2000 section, where users can compare data on school districts using drop- down menus. TK From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout Project 1994-2001. http//scout.cs.wisc.edu/PCSX 2 Emulator DatabasePCSX2 is the first playstation 2 emulator to use MySQL as their database. The old revisions is open source and the codes can be freely edited. Our system uses a similar database with this application. CHAPTER III3.1 Project methodological analysisIn this project we used the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) as asoftware engineering paradigm. The systems development life-cycle concept applies in a rage of hard and software configurations. A system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.Figure 3.Modified SDLC Research MethodologyPlanning PhaseWe the proponents conducted our meeting on how we are going to begin our study. After discussing ourselves. We came up with BIS (Barangay Information System) After that we discussed which Barangay we are going to address our study. We thought that it would be better to make our system compatible with any barangay in Cebu City. But we need a certain Barangay in which we can conduct our study properly. We asked some residents in Sab-a what problem they commonly encounter. We observed that their responses are almost entirely the same. They have problems with slow processing of information and documents they need. So we decided to make an Information System so they can properly store and retrieve their important documents in a single database. This way it would be easier for them to do their jobs. Analysis PhaseAfter getting feedbacks from different residents we conducted another meeting and we the proponents decided to introduce our System to a Barang ay. For us to answer the problems they encountered day by day. Design PhaseThese are many different ways on how the problem would be solved. So we designed our program that would be able to secure their information. Especially in storing and retrieving of data. This way wont be having problems in keeping their documents.3.2 Definition of TermsBarangay A barangay (Brgy. or Bgy. Filipino baranggay, baaaj), at one time called barrio, is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district or ward. In colloquial usage, the term often refers to an inner city neighbourhood, a suburb or a suburban neighborhoodDatabase A database is an organized collection of data. The data are typically organized to model aspects of frankness in a way that supports processes requiring information.GUI or Graphical User Interface s a type of interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indica tors such as secondary notation, as opposed to text-based interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.Data s a set of value of qualitative or quantitative variables restated, pieces of data are individual pieces of information.Computer Icon A computer icon is a pictogram displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate a computer system or mobile device.Computer A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a rank of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem.Internet an electronic communications network that connects computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the world Computerize to equip with or automate by computersManipulation- to move or control something with your hands or by using a machineSystem a group of related parts that move or work together

Blue Cross and Blue Shields Association Essay

dour crisscross and gamy Shield Association is one of the many major health insurance companies in the join States. The confederation was started by a man named Dr. Justin Ford Kimb on the whole in 1929. Kimball started the program because he noticed that teachers had a huge burden of medical bills in his ara. He started a plan for teachers to be able to pitch a three week hospital stay covered for as little as fifty cents a month. The first plan was a hit when over 1250 teachers enrolled at once ( toothsome Cross and dour Shield Association History). The plan started to spread through expose the United States. In 1934, E.A. van Steenwyk designed the Blue Cross name and symbol. By 1938 there were 38 Blue Cross plans in the United States with a come in enrollment if 1.4 million (Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association History). Blue Shield was developed in 1939 in California and was designed to cover the be of physicians services. In 1948, Blue Cross and Blue Shield merged an d because what we know it as today as Blue Cross and Blue Shield. Since 1998, Blue Cross Blue Shield has over 3,012,571 customers insured (Health Insurance). Since the start of the company in 1929, Blue Cross and blue shield has expanded all across the United States and offers many insurance products.Blue Cross and Blue Shield offers a variety of different plans to meet a families or an individuals needs. Blue Cross and Blue Shields has over thirty eight independently ran and locally operated companies from Hawaii all the way to New York. The companies offer a variety of plans for medical, dental, and vision. on that point be many different options to strike from and plenty of resources available online to choose which is best. One plan the companies offer is the Consumer Directed Health (CDH) Plan. This is a high deductible plan that employers offer to their employees that have lower health costs for their employees because the employers cover part of the costs (Consumer Directe d Health Plans). Some key highlights of the plan are lower monthly premiums, higher annual deductibles, preventive care at no cost or with modest co impart, and combined deductible for medical and chemists shopexpenses (Consumer Directed Health Plans). in that location are two plans that can be combined with the CDH which are Health Savings Accounts (HSA) and Health Reimbursement Arrangements (HRA). Both of these are where the employer helps the employee pay out of pocket expenses for medical care. There are a few other plans that the company offers such as Healthy Reward 2.0 which encourages employees to live a healthier lifestyle and earn rewards by doing so. some other plan is the Blue Choice Advantage Plan that allows the insured to go to any doctor they choose without a referral (Blue Choice Advantage). These are only a few of the health care plans offered by Blue Cross and Blue Shield and there are many more to choose from.Blue Cross Blue Shield too offers a variety of den tal plans for the family or for an individual. The first program is called the CareFirst Blue Choice Discount Dental Program. This program offers twenty to forty percent off of all dental needs using the list of providers who accept this program. Another program that Blue Cross Blue Shield offers is the Dental Health Maintenance Organization (DHMO) which offers preventative and corrective dental care at a predictable price. CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield (CareFirst) Preferred (PPO) Dental offers the insured to pick any provider they would like, but have the option to use an in profits provider and have cheaper costs. There are a few more plans offered for dental just requires research to examine the best option for a family or an individual. The company also offers a few different options for a vision plan that fall along the same lines as the dental. The plans give you the option to use in network providers that are offered at a cheaper cost or you can choose any provider you des ire just a little more out of pocket costs. There are a few special programs that the insurance company offers such as Premium-Only Plan (POP), Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA), and BlueWorldwide Expat (BWE). The POP allows employees to delineate their monthly health, dental, and vision premiums as pre-tax, easy to set up and requires very little validation, reduces FICA withholdings for the employer and employee, and converts after-tax contributions to pre-tax contributions. Contributions to FSAs means lower taxes for members and employer it lowers FICA taxes, controls benefit costs, manages compensation, and employees pay for expenses with pretax dollars.The BWE offers Comprehensive bounty-based productsfor employees and dependents, centralized administration and claims payment, 24-hour medical assistance and customer service, medical evacuation and repatriation, cashless access to inpatient services, multilingual assistance, access to more than 25,000 internationally credentia led providers, and access to Blue Card indemnity network of providers while traveling to the U.S., flexible benefits, and currency conversion (Medical). In todays economy it is essential to find affordable health insurance. There are hundreds of websites online that can give you free quotes and help find affordable health insurance. It is best to research as much as possible to find out what all is offered and which plan is best for the family or an individual. Blue Cross Blue Shield has been around since 1929 and is widely used across the United States and has thousands of providers so it is easy to find a provider close. The company is in thirty eight states and has over three million insured and growing every day. With our health care system changing everyday it is nice to see some names that have been around for a long time. Hopefully, companies like Blue Cross Blue Shield will be around for many more years to come.Bibliography1. Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association History. ( n.d.). History of Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association FundingUniverse. Retrieved from http//www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/blue-cross-and-blue-shield-association-history/ 2. Blue Cross Blue Shield. (2012, May 14). Health Insurance. Retrieved July 15, 2012, from http//www.ehealthinsurance.com/ehi/healthinsurance/bcbs?allid=Goo28708 3. Consumer-Directed Health Plans. (n.d.). CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield. Retrieved from https//employer.carefirst.com/wps/ portal vein/Employers/CDHPlans?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wcmwps/wcm/connect/Content-Employers/CareFirst/GAPortal/ProductOverviews/Tab/cdhWhatisaCDHPlan 4. Blue Choice Advantage. (n.d.). CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield. Retrieved from https//employer.carefirst.com/wps/portal/ut/p/c5/jc7BDoIwEATQLzKdAq3lCKbQDQYkCgIXw8GYJgIejN8vvRkj6u7x7WSHdWzesX_YS3-309hfWcM6eQozWXAKfRR1CFAmqIjy2kMlZm9fPDWJAAXpTlFZcij5T3qTRiZYbwHoQwwvF3qfxIqD_B_po2u7fKHlm39o5_zbf-dYmAgsN9NwZrehamBp9QSM0lTI/dl3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfOUs2TzFJOTMwRzVIQTBJUzZV MkI0UTIwODY/?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wcmwps/wcm/connect/content-employers/carefirst/gaportal/

Leading Strategic Program Management Essay

Some people might say a good leaders is born that path. It is true that some individuals have a instinctive instinct to lead people, but they also have tools to help them in their success. In watching the movie Twelve Oclock High we check over different types of leadership. Why is Colonel Keith Davenports leadership ineffective in comparison to commonplace Frank Savages leadership? With both the work force of the 918th barrage Group loyal to Colonel Davenport, what feelings does Gen Savage take to not only win their loyalty but make them an effective team? While running(a) on a vomit is a lot different than fighting a war, we see how good leadership techniques, trust, good communication, developing leaders, and instilling a sense of congratulate can turn rough the poorest of teams. If you have an ineffective leader, chances are the team depart be ineffective.There were many deficiencies in Colonel Davenports leadership style. Colonel Davenport was more focused on each in dividual in his group than he was on the mission at hand. He had the loyalty of his men but failed to lead them. When one of his men failed to accomplish their mission or messed up, Colonel Davenport assumed responsibility and failed to discipline them. When Colonel Davenport received orders to push his men to the maximum potential, he wouldnt, for fear of burning them out. While Colonel Davenport could not see his deficiencies in his leadership, it could be seen by the commanding superior general of the VIII assailer Command, Eighth Air Force. General Pritchard brought brigadier general General Frank Savage in to see if he could fix not only the leadership problem but the productivity of the men in the 918th Bomb Group.When Brigadier Frank Savage arrived at the 918th Bomb Group he went right to work. One of the first items on his agenda was restoring the war machine standards that had become very laidback. We see this in a couple of scenes. He reprimands the gate guard for not checking his identification card upon entering the base. When he walks into his unexampled office he catches Sergeant Mclllheny typing without his uniform top on. Brigadier General Savage immediately reduces him in rank and tells him why. Word soon travels around the base that they must adhere to the military standards and rules. Once Brigadier General Savage has made it clear that he will restore accountability and standards he calls a meeting to set his expectations clear.In this meeting Brigadier General Savage lets everyone know that they have a job to do and they need to rest feeling sorry for themselves. He tells everyone that from this point on they will be held accountable for their mistakes. Brigadier General Savage then informs everyone that since they are performing poorly, they will coif over and over again until they get it right. This infuriates the buffer storages and they immediately put in for a transfer. Once Brigadier General Savage has made his expectations c lear, he begins gathering embolden from others.Major Stovall is the group Adjutant who works directly for Brigadier General Savage. Brigadier General Savage begins asking Major Stovalls opinions on individuals in the unit. He takes the advice given to him by Major Stovall. Major Stovall begins to see that Brigadier General Savage is a great leader and he has a plan to get the 918th Bomb Group back on track. Major Stovall becomes a loyal hard working member of the 918th Bomb Group. He can see that Brigadier General Savage is committed to his job. A trust is built between the two men. Trust is at the core of all meaningful relationships. Without trust at that place can be no giving, no bonding, no risk-taking (Berkun, 2008, p. 242). He then begins to talk to the other men and gather support and trust for Brigadier General Savage. The next item on Brigadier General Savages agenda is to develop leaders in the 918th Bomb Group.When Brigadier General Savage is reviewing everyones person nel records henotices that the second in direction is underperforming. Lt Colonel Ben Gately is immediately fired from his position and place in charge of a plane full of underachievers. He informs Lt Colonel Gately that he will receive every lazy nonperforming person who comes into the 918th Bomb Group. If Lt Colonel Gately wants to survive he needs to step up to the plate and become a good leader. The plane that Lt Colonel Gately is in charge of is called the Leper Colony. By doing this, Brigadier General Savage is giving Lt Colonel Gately a way to prove his leadership. This method of leadership works very well on Lt Colonel Gately, be practice he begins to perform exceptionally well. Lt Colonel Gately even flies with an injured spine.Brigadier General Savage can see the 918th Bomb Group is turning around into an effective unit. He then sets out to develop a sense of pride in the group. Savage praises them for their performance and what they have achieved as a group. He begins pro moting excellence in everything they do. On days where there is no mission they practice to get it perfect. Individuals who show outstanding performance in the Leper Colony get promoted out and those who make mistakes move to the Leper Colony. Results from all their hard team work began to get off. When the 918th Bomb Group goes on a dangerous mission they return with everyone. The whole unit is put in for a commendation. While Savage has sullen the unit around he still has trouble communication to his people.Communication is a major part of being an effective leader. While Savage has begun communicating very well with Major Stovall, he still had trouble communicating with his pilots and ground crew. Only when he finally sits down and communicates with a young pilot named Bishop, do the other pilots removed their request to be transferred to another unit. Savage was trying to keep his distance from his pilots. He felt that not becoming emotionally involved with his pilots would h elp create a barrier. Savage cared about every single person in his unit, but he kept his emotions inside which was the cause of his breakdown.Looking at a project manager or leader of a company, it is easy to see why you would want someone like Brigadier General Savage in charge. He arrivedat the 918th Bomb Group with a clear and direct sense of responsibility. He knew what he had to do and he knew it was not going to be a popularity contest. While Brigadier General Savage had trouble communicating to everyone, he understood his people, their motivations, and the emotions they were feeling. It is important when you are in charge of a project to know the people you will be working with. There needs to be trust between you and your employees. As the project manager when you say you will do something, you must ensure you follow through.Brigadier General Savage demanded that the members of the 918th Bomb Group give him loyalty, respect, integrity, and selfless service. He in turn not o nly gave the same right back, he gave them leadership, direction, and a sense of self-worth. By the time Brigadier General Savage unexpended the 918th Bomb Group, they were able to continue their mission under any good leader who took over. As a leader, you have to take responsibility for the decisions you make. You must embolden your people and establish teamwork. Sometimes being a leader is not an easy job, but with the right set of tools you can be an effective leader. Where there is no guidance the people fall, but in the abundance of counselors there is a victory (Proverbs 11 14).ReferenceBerkun, S. (2008). Making Things Happen. Sebastopol, CA OReilly Media, Inc. parvenu International Version. (1970). Thomas Nelson Inc.

Human consumption: and its effect on the environment Essay

The surroundings is a very important in charitable public as it is essentially all that surrounds us. Our environs is a complex phenomenon that consists of the climate, geography and other inseparable resources in the environment. The human life basically faces on healthy produce and the balanced environmental conditions. The environment however could affect humans physically spiritually and culturally. In todays ever evolution society, it is important that we s expressive style care of our environment in order to thrust a healthy and balanced environment. Humans are known to solely depend on earths resources such as oil, forests, weewee, energy and others. These resources however, get limited in time and humans are known to largely put one over them.There are many negative and positive effects on the environment caused by humans. In terms of negative effects, the depletion of the ozone layer, pollution and over use of goods and services are or so examples of how human s affect the environment. However, there are some positive effects which benefits the environment such asconservation of wild life. The environment today, has been affected by various factors, which benefits the environment and negative factors, which damage the environment and cause severe damage to it. Several discussions have been made on human ingestions and what effects they have on the environment.This screen will be set in three parts that will assess human consumption and the various ways in which it affectsthe environment. The first part of the essay will focus on the negative and positive effects human consumption has on the environment and secondly this essay will discuss over consumption of natural resources, and thirdly this essay will address various solutions in which to address this problem and help the environment and all of earths resources to give a more balanced and healthier environment.THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF HUMAN CONSUMPTION ON THE environsAs mentioned earlier, there are many ways in which the environment is affected negatively by humans. One of these ways is through pollution. Pollution is basically regarded as unwanted substances that are harmful and contaminating the environment. Pollution is a very important issue when addressing the environments and its factors. There are various types of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution and others. shine pollution is when there are unwanted, harmful substances in the air which have poisonous effects. These substances are very dangerous and when ingested could cause diseases such as apprizecer and bronchitis, which are deadly to both man and animals athe likes of. Pollutants are harmful chemical or physical substances released into the atmosphere, a water source, the soil or a component of the biosphere (Saier, 2006205) Particle pollutants when released in the air are very lethal, and could cause severe damage to the human body.Air pollution does not only affect humans entirely it also affects the environment, for example, the depletion of the ozone layer is caused by harmful toxins that are released into the air. Water pollution however, is the contamination of water bodies in the ecosystem such as rivers, lakes, oceans and others. This mostly occurs, when pollutants are released into the water bodies and this could be very dangerous to man, animals and other living creatures in the environment. Water much like air, is very needed in other for the environment to be balanced. Another example of pollution is land pollution which is the deposition of solid or politic waste material on land. This is also very harmful to the environment, especially when the garbage disposed is not separated into re-usable and recyclable waste.Lands that are contaminated as a result of pollution are known to be very problematic to the human respiratory system. Pollution is a very serious motion that needs to be taken into further consideration s, especially since it is donemostly by humans. There is no question that humans are incapable of destroying the environment and although a lot has changed in the generation, much has not. Humans still contaminate their air, water supplies and land by disposing hazardous materials and thereby destroying natural habitats.It is important we take the matter of pollution seriously and properly take care of our environment, because we still continue to populate the earth at an increasing rate. (Pierce et al., 1998) There also some positive factors of humans in our environment. These positive effects are very beneficial to the environment as it properly sets it in balance. One of the ways in which humans are impacting the environment positively is by protecting endangered species. Nearly most endangered species are now being bred in protective areas. Species such as the Chinese giant pandas is an example of endangered species that are carefully being bred in protective areas to keep them from going to extinct.OVERCONSUMPTION OF native RESOURCESOverconsumption of natural resources has become a growing trend, especially in the change nations. Overconsumption which is the act of using something to the excess is mostly done in western industrialized nations. The necessity of preventing environmentally disrupting effects of affluent consumption in modern industrial societies has been recently addressed in a vast body of literary productions on sustainable consumption (Cogoy, 2010460)Natural resources such as materials, water and energy are very essential in the environment because they are the basis of our existence on earth. These resources are gradually decreasing collectable to humans constant consumption of these resources. Our climate is changing, species are becoming extinct, fish and forests are shrinking due to the damages that are imposed on our environment by humans. ..Overconsumption of natural resources is portrayed as a major threat to the sustainability of the worlds environmental systems. (Brown et al., 2000).Overconsumption which is regarded as the excessive used of goods and services is perceived as a means of personal happiness, status and success. However, in an environmental context, it is the excessive use of natural resources. It is known that humans today extract and use more 50% more natural resources than only 30 years ago. This consumption from humans, is a way of trying toaspire to achieve happiness through the use of goods produced from materials that are deemed plentiful and resourceful. (The European Environment SOER, 2010).There are ways in which we can avoid over consumption of natural resources in order to continue to thrive on earth. These ways include changing our lifestyles and making it more sustainable so that we are able to protect our ecosystem and natural resources. It is important we characterize the problem of overconsumption and start a debate about resource use and its environmental impacts around th e world. If humans were to continually consume resources wastefully, in order to follow self-interested motives, then natural resources in the environment would be reduced and future consumption will be undermined and resources are very likely to slowly deplete.SolutionsAsserting that human influence on the planet has increased faster than human population, Joel Cohen exposit on the concept of human carrying capacity. Though carrying capacity is ultimately determined by natural constraints, Cohen hard-pressed the role of human choices about lifestyle and consumption in determining how many people the earth can sustain within those constraints. Emphasizing the role of economics, Donald Ludwig contended that the real problem with human population ontogenesis is not biological, but societal. Ludwig asserted that a fundamental conflict exists between economics and ecology economists believe growth to be essential, leading to increased consumption, bandage ecologists say growth is in herently limited.Reaffirming Ludwigs opinion about the importance of economics, William Rees introduced the concept of the ecological footprint, a model that puts the economy inside the ecosphere, intrinsically horrible limits on growth based on availability of resources. The ecological footprint recognizes the interplay of economics and ecology by measuring not just the natural resources a place uses of its own, but those consumed from other countries. Though it is Gretchen Dailys opinion that people have difficulty looking beyond their own discipline for solutions, she stressed the importance of crossing both societal and economic boundaries in exploring the issue of human population growth. Daily believes that not onlymust scientists cooperate with others, but cooperation within the sciences is essential scientists worldwide must begin to share information.BibliographyCogoy, M. (2010). Consumption, time and the environment. Review of Economics of the Household, 8(4), 459-477.Sai er, M. (2006). Pollution. Environmentalist, 26(3), 205-209.Peirce, J., Weiner, Ruth F, Vesilind, P. Aarne, & ScienceDirect. (1998.). Environmental Pollution and Control. Burlington Butterworth-Heinemann.Brown, Paul M, & Cameron, Linda D. (2000). What can be done to reduce overconsumption? Ecological Economics, 32(1), 27-41.

The Dangers of Fossil Fuels

In recent decades, we have seen a remarkable advancement in science and technology. Owing to this, many wonder why the primary sources of consumer aught remain non-renewable fuels petroleum (36%), coal (27%) and gas (23%) International Energy Agency, 2013. The issue with this is, fossil fuels which took millions of days to form ar running unwrap at an unprecedented rate, and there is no consensual view as to what go forth replace them. There be many reasons why the oecumenical population should be concerned about such an event affecting them.Firstly, wrought orbiculate development and population ontogenesis hostelry has become overly dependent on energy from exogenous sources like fossil fuels. Secondly, the easier fuels to obtain have been mostly depleted hence companies are resorting to costly and hazardous parentage methods. Finally, the profitability of fossil fuel extraction is fast decreasing and this is inciting countries to use alternative sources such as hydro-ele ctric. Sustained global growth has left the world in a perilous position. In 1850 when the capacity of resources such as oil and coal were first predicted, they were deemed to sat for centuries.One agent these predictions failed to consider was sudden exponential population growth, a function of both technological advances and medical breakthroughs. Fossil fuels were the meaner by which this was made possible as their denudation led to more developed societies incentives human growth. Today, the next wave of developing nations like China demand more fuel for their growing populations and are competing with high-development countries for a bigger portion of the rapidly shrinking resource. The migration from a forager society to an agricultural society was a key event in the context of energy.The people at this stage in history knew using all their energy hunting and gathering prevented them from doing activities they would otherwise want to do. Eventually, though communal agricultu re, they learnt to conserve their survival energy by forming a society wherein each member provided for one another. The discovery of the heat engine reinvigorated this idea. Work from human labor could be replaced with fake from an exogenous source, in this congresswoman fossil fuels. Today society continues exploit this idea to improve quality of life, mostly through transport and warmth.Services, manufacturing, minerals, food and fairly water are further benefits of the constant flow of energy people receive. 90% of the energy consumed by the western world comes from non-human sources. (DRP T Morgan, 2013). Without the abundance of energy, the economic-based society humans know would cease to exist. There is scarcely enough energy in the form of fossil fuels for most to live easy and fulfilling lives, but the general populous should concede they deed to adapt sooner rather than later. The easy to obtain fuels like crude oil are depleting quickly.Consequently, companies reap mi llions of barrels of petrol, definition these sources unprofitable. With fossil fuels not as abundant or easy to obtain as they used to be, desperate measures in the form of Franking and Deep Sea boring are being used. However, these methods are costly and put unnecessary stress on the environment. Governments dont feel obliged to intervene when the struggle for fuel is being eased. plurality wonder why governments are unconcerned that public funds are being spent n dangerous and costly extraction processes like franking and marine drilling instead of investing it into finding a substitute.The reason is blatant so citizens are kept happy. The world seems prosperous at this moment in history, but who knows how soon people get out regret these senseless decisions. Much energy is needed to build and run the equipment, extraction devices and vehicles we need to obtain oil, infixed gas and coal. Since the industrial revolution, ERROR (energy returned on energy invested) has been ext remely high. For example, when oil was discovered companies got over 100 units of energy back for every 1 unit used during extraction (Charles Hall, 2010).This made extraction a profitable industry though as I noted previously, fuel reserves dried out and became harder to find. TAP Research (2013) found the global average ERROR last year had fallen to 151 . The effects of this trend have been seen everywhere, for instance rising petrol prices. In fifteen years, the cost of petroleum in New Zealand has tripled from 80 cents a litter to 220 cents a litter. Alternate fuels transport is right away so inconvenient that this trend seems destined to continue.The world may witness an energy cliff in the near future when the amount of energy consumed during extraction actually surpasses the amount the economy gets in return. Suddenly, renewable sources by default will become the favorable option, because they are economical enough to exploit. Future motorists will be forced to drive electr ic vehicles like the Ionians Leaf, even if according to specifications they cost $70 000, have a range of 100 kilometers and take n absurd 20 hours to charge on house current.Energy is one of the most important things in modern life it fuels transport, businesses, schools, heats houses and gives us light. Without it people are restrict to being hunter-gatherers. It is hard for one to conceive living like this, but this type of living may become standard if the energy surplus is wiped. move on from fossil fuels presents itself as a colossal challenge, one the next generation has to accept. In New Zealand, a high proportion of their energy consumed comes from hydro, ego- Herman and star sources, so they could stand as the world leaders of a global renewable energy revolution.There is much potential for sources of clean energy like solar and wind power to outlast fossil fuels, and it would be great to see more money invested in these types of renewable energy sources. One hopes peop le will be informed in the future of the consequences of utilizing fossil fuels so they can make sensible decisions around their use. World governments cant ignore the issue forever, and every snip someone speaks up makes it more likely for them to towards a brighter future.

Case Study †Sources of International Law, ‘Non-binding’ agreements & Treaties

Abstract International harmonys atomic number 18 frequently entered into by sovereign States and foreign organisations. Whilst many of them are formal treaties and thus have binding effect, others do not fit into this category and thereby remain non-binding concords. This often leads to a great deal of brawl annunciation procedures taking place since it is generally quite difficult to determine whether an parallelism is binding or not. Using Iran as a case study, an agreement that has recently been entered into go forth be reviewed in regulate to determine its legal make and consequences.IntroductionA conformity is a written agreement that has been entered into by international law actors, such as international organisations and sovereign States. A agreement is thus a type of contract that allows parties to voluntary enter into the agreement in society to be bound by its terms (Fitzmaurice and Elias, 2005 10). Accordingly, treaties are the only way States can create inter national law consciously (Dixon, 2007 26) and may either be bilateral or multilateral. The legal status of the agreement between Germany and the five permanent members of the Security Council (SC) and Iran go out be reviewed in determine to consider its legal status, whether it is binding and whether it will entertain over previously SC resolutions. The equality of States doctrine will similarly be considered in order to establish whether it is workable in practice.The legal status of this agreement. Is this a TreatyWhy?The Treaty of Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is a multilateral Treaty that opened for signatory at London, Moscow and Washington on the 1st July 1968 and entered into force on the 5th March 1970. The TTreaty currently has 190 State Parties, 93 signatories and 4 Depositary Governments(UN, 1968 1). Under this Treaty Iran has been able to develop a atomic programme that has been regarded suspicious by many other countries (Kerr, 2013 2). Despite this Iran ha s persistently claimed that the field pansyable nature of its activities aimed to develop nuclear energy. Consequently, Iran has thus entered into an agreement with the Security Council and Germany in order to put an end to all sanctions being inflicted upon them. Whether this will arouse further suspicion is arguably, yet the agreement, also known as the Joint Action Plan, is also a Treaty in that it imposes obligations upon the State parties Case Concerning the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary v Slovakia) (1998) 37 ILM 162. Furthermore, because this is a legally binding agreement between the State parties that has been created by two or more subjects of international law, it can be recognised as having Treaty status.Under the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties all States have the capacity to make treaties. This can be made available to the SC low Article 43 (3) of the UN Charter. Again, this further indicates how this agreement is capable of being a Treaty (Holli s, 2012 75). Nevertheless, the parties to the agreement must intend for it to be binding at international law (Villiger, 1985 35). This does step up to be the case given that the agreement contains a unilateral Statement because as was confirmed by the International Court of jurist (ICJ) in Australia v France, New Zealand v France 1974 ICJ repp 253 unilateral statements of States are legally binding in appropriate circumstances. The legal status of this agreement is that it is thus a Treaty and legally binding. As such, Iran will no longer be sanctioned for developing a nuclear programme, which they claim to be for peaceful purposes.Are Resolutions of the SC sources of International Law/Binding?Resolutions of the SC generally have binding effect Legal Consequences for States of the Continued Presence of South Africa in Namibia (South West Africa) notwithstanding SC Resolution 276 (1970) Advisory Opinion of 21 June 1971, although there has been some focus by the ICJ on their other effects, such as authorising effect and (dis)em spoting effect (Basak, 1969 385). The effect of the resolution will, nonetheless, depend entirely on its type . This is because a SC resolution may either be a recommendation or a stopping point, which are not clearly defined in the Charter. As a resultant, it is often difficult to determine the legal effects of such resolutions (Johnson, 1955 107), however the Court generally refers to binding resolutions as decisions and non-binding resolutions as recommendations Certain Expenses of the unify Nations (Article 17, Paragraph 2 of the Charter) 1962 ICJ Rep 151, at 163. SC resolutions resolution are binding if they create obligations on its recipients and if they are made under Chapter VII (Action with Respect to Threats to the Peace, Breaches of the Peace and Acts of Agression). Since the Joint Action Plan agreement imposes obligations on its State parties and contains a threat to the peace, it is likely that this will again render i t a binding resolution. However, it has been pointed out by Hollis that the agreement is not binding on the basis that it implies something aspirational rather than required.(Hollis, 2013 1). This is evident from the wording The goal for these negotiations is to reach a mutually-agreed long-term comprehensive solution that would ensure Irans nuclear programme will be exclusively peaceful (Geneva, 2014 1). Therefore, whilst it seems that the agreement is a legally binding resolution, the fact that only recommendations are being made may suggest that it is not and sceptics have argued that the plan is just a false front for the Iranians in order to have sanctions lifted (Midwest Diplomacy, 2013 1). Therefore, although SC sources of international law are binding, it has been questioned whether Iran should be provided with the ability to develop their nuclear programme even further as this could have disastrous effects (Zand, 2014 1).In case of conflict between this agreement and previ ous SC Resolutions which one should prevail?The determination as to whether SC decisions possess an overriding binding effect will be determined on a case by case basis. However, it is usually the case that SC recommendations will not have an overriding binding effect Questions of Interpretation and coat of the 1971 Montreal Convention Arising from the Aeriel Incident at Lockerbie (Libya v UK) Preliminary Objection 1998 ICJ Rep 9, at 26, whilst SC decisions will Reparation for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations 1949 ICJ Rep 174. Therefore, if the Joint Action Plan is merely a recommendation then this will not be binding and will therefore not prevail over previous SC Resolutions. If the agreement is a decision, however, then it will be prevail as it will have a binding effect. In Lockbie, Provisional Measures 1992 ICJ Rep 3 it was held by the ICJ that pre-empting obligations that flow from traditional sources of international law can be overridden by the normat ive powers of the SC in order to ensure that peace and security is maintained, yet the binding effect of resolutions will depend on their language, the discussions leading up to it and the provisions of the Charter being invoked (Oberg, 2005 879). In Application for Review of Judgment no. 273 of the United Nations Administrative Tribunal (Mortished affair) 1982 ICJ Rep 325 Resolution 34/165 reversed the prior decision in Resolution 33/119 in order to avoid two incompatible legal effects co-existing. Therefore, because SC Resolutions 1696 (2006) of 21 July 2006 and 1737 (2006) of 26 December 2006 will be incompatible with the new agreement, they may be reversed if the new agreement has an overriding binding effect. This is highly beneficial for Iran since they deemed the previous resolutions unfair on the basis that they had received different treatment to other States.Comment on the parties of this agreement. What does it say about the equality of States in practice?The doctrine of equality of States covers both(prenominal) legal equality and political equality. Legal equality deals with the legal relations that exist between States, whilst political equality deals with the distribution of economic and military power between States. Because Iran appears to have been given exceptional powers under the new agreement, it is likely that these new powers will be considered contrary to this precept. This is because Iran is effectively being given spare powers to control its nuclear program and is also being protected from any sanctions imposed by other States. As the doctrine seeks to ensure that all States are treated equally under international law, States ought to have the same rights and responsibilities as each other (Kelsen, 1952 156). As this is not being effectuated under this agreement, it is clear that this principle is being contravened. Nevertheless, there is an exception to the doctrine in cases where there has been a breach of the peace or an act o f aggression that threatened international peace and security. Therefore, because Iran has stated that they aimed to develop nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, the violation of this doctrine will be permitted (Nahar, 2005 1). This agreement thereby illustrates that the equality of States doctrine may not actually be workable in practice since the doctrine may be contravened if the aim is to maintain international peace and security.ConclusionOverall, it appears as though Irans agreement with the SC and Germany is a Treaty and will therefore have binding effect. This is because the agreement has been made purely to maintain peace and security. Although Irans activities have been met with some suspicion over the years, they have continued to state that the peaceful nature of their activities merely aimed to develop nuclear energy. As this agreement does appear to be a Treaty, it is likely that it will be capable of prevailing over previous SC resolutions. This is welcoming for Iran who were subjected to unfairness as a result of resolutions 1696 and 1737, although not all would agree with this decision. Hence, many would argued that the agreement conflicts with the equality of States doctrine. Nevertheless, because Iran have stated that they are acting in the interests of national security, the doctrine will be capable of being breached. Accordingly, the Doctrine is therefore not always workable and in this instance, Iran are being treated more favourably than other States.ReferencesBasak, A. (1969) Decisions of the United Nations Organs in Judgements and Opinions of the International Court of Justice Thierry, Resolutions of international bodies in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice, Collected Courses, Volume 167.Johnson, A. (1955) The Effect of Resolutions of the General manufacturing of the United Nations, 32 British Year Book of International Law 97.Dixon, M. (2007) Textbook on International Law, London, Oxford University Press.Genev a. (2013) Joint Plan of Action Online, Available http//im.ft-static.com/ cognitive content/images/d0fa3682-5523-11e3-86bc-00144feabdc0.pdf 15 January, 2014.Fitzmaurice, M. and Elias, O. A. (2005) Contemporary Issues in the Law of Treaties, Netherlands, Eleven International Publishing.Hollis, D. B. (2012) The Oxford Guide to Treaties, London, Oxford University Press.Hollis, D. B. (2013) The New Iran Deal Doesnt Look Legally Binding. Does It Matter? Opinio Juris, Online, Available http//opiniojuris.org/2013/11/24/new-us-iran-deal-doesnt-look-legally-binding-matter/ 14 January 2014.Kelsen, H. (1952) Principles of International Law, London, The Lawbook Exchange.Kerr, P. K. (2013) Irans Nuclear Program Tehrans Compliance with International Obligations Congressional Research Service, CRS Report, R40094.Oberg, M. D. (2005) The Legal Effects of Resolutions of the UN Security Council and General crowd in the Jurisprudence of the ICJ European Journal of International Law, Volume 16, Issue 5. Midwest Diplomacy. (2013) Understanding Iran and the Nuclear Joint Plan of Action Online, Available http//egiuliani.wordpress.com/2013/11/24/understanding-iran-and-the-nuclear-joint-plan-of-action/ 14 January 2014.Nahar, S. (2005) Sovereign Equality Principle in International Law Online, Available http//www.globalpolitician.com/print.asp?id=4351 14 January 2014.(1968) Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Multilateral, Online, Available https//treaties.un.org/doc/ progeny/UNTS/Volume%20729/volume-729-I-10485-English.pdf 13 January, 2014.Villiger, M. E. (1985) Customary International Law and Treaties A Study of their interactions and interrelations, with special consideration of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, BRILL.Zand, L. (2014) Organisations Warn Senate Against New Iran Sanctions club of Reconciliation, Online, Available http//forusa.org/blogs/leila-zand/62-organizations-warn-senate-against-new-iran-sanctions/12813 20 January, 2014.

Issues That Plague Law Enforcement Personnel Essay

In the criminal justice c areer path many problems can arise. Stress from the job can create problems in the manoeuvre field as well as in the personal and social areas of ones life. Job stress can also tie into break and alcohol and/or drug abuse. Fatigue gives us tired cops and tired cops can be a bad thing in the criminal justice field. Alcohol and drug abuse plagues cops everywhere. There are many suggestions for programs and treatment ideas for these problems that plague our law enforcement officers.Job stress cant be avoided in any job field. It especially cant be avoided in the field of law enforcement. Job stress can come from many sources. Having to bore prudent discretion all the time, the threat of using violence and having violence used against them, and isolation from the rest of society are the major causes. It can necessitate to negative attitudes, burnout, loss of enthusiasm and commitment (aka cynicism), increased apathy, divorce, substance abuse and health prob lems, and many other social, personal, and job-related problematic behaviors. Work place support, training officers to be intimate with the effects of stress, stress management, and stress training are things that law enforcement are currently doing to lessen job stress. Stress training includes diet info, biofeedback, exercise, relaxation, and meditation. I deal that all law enforcement strength should have to undergo psychological and fitness evaluations every three to six months.Fatigue is a growing problem in law enforcement today. Lengthy shifts with unpredictable hours can cause for a major loss of sleep for law enforcement personnel. It can cause officers to act inappropriately or become injured on the job. It can cause car accidents or officers to fall asleep at the wheel. It can also cause officers to miss measurable details of a case sometimes a few hours of sleep can mean the difference between life and death. Administrators should pay attention to scheduling, direct policies placing limitations on second jobs, and giving officers a voice in work-hour and shift-scheduling decisions can help lessen the fatigue problem that plague our law enforcement personnel.The sad power is that alcohol and/or drug abuse plagues law enforcementpersonnel and ties in with both job stress and fatigue. They are both major contributing factors to the pay off of alcohol and/or drug abuse. Counseling and self-help classes can help tremendously for personnel who admit they have a problem and seek help. If law enforcement personnel were to undergo psychological and fitness evaluations every three to six months we might be able to combat these problems before they start. If measures are taken and new programs utilise for combating the issues of job stress, fatigue, and alcohol and drug abuse we can lower the health risk that these problems pose to our law enforcement personnel. Job stress, fatigue, and alcohol/drug abuse are common problems. If we make our personnel aware of these major problems they may realize they have a problem or wish to avoid these problems taking everyplace their lives. The hope is that they come and ask for help. Administrators also need to know how to spot a problem to get personnel help before the problem affects their lives, jobs, or anyone elses lives.