Grant Proposal - 785 Words

Introduction Grant proposal preparation and submission is a tedious and intimidating job. However as public funding continues to decrease many colleges and universities look for research grants to support their educational research mission (Education advisory Board, 2014). According to licklider (2012), external grants helps to support higher education’s missions of educational research, outreach and economic development. Which is one of the reasons why higher education push for their research faculty to pursue research grants. As a matter of fact, many universities offer course release and incentives for awarded research grants, including Drexel University. Drexel’s University College of Nursing and Health Professions (CNHP), has†¦show more content†¦This process allows for the faculty members to focus on writing the science portion of the grant, while CNHP’s Research team becomes the responsible party for all of the administrative responsibilities. Acc ording to Cellier and Krenkel (2014), universities that provide faculty with research support, have a chance of improving their future proposal writing outcomes (p8). Purpose of Evaluation The evaluation is being conducted to ensure that CNHP â€Å"hands free submission† process is actually meeting the needs and expectations of the research active faculty. In addition to ensuring that the intended outcomes are being measured correctly and are successfully met. According to Preskill and Russ-Eft (2009), â€Å"Evaluations are conducted to serve the interests and needs of several individual or groups of people† (p165). Therefore, the primary purpose of the evaluation is to make certain that the active faculty are receiving the administrative assistance they need. As well as confirming that the administrative staff are doing all they are capable of doing to provide the best outcomes possible. In addition to, the research active faculty support, this process was also introduced to motivate and encourage the non-research active faculty to apply for grants. See the College of Nursing and Health Professions is a unique college, as there are 8 distinctive different disciplines intertwined withinShow MoreRelatedGrant Proposal Paper1163 Words   |  5 PagesGrant proposal A was about implementing an expansion to ABC’s Alternative Breaks program to send groups of students to various communities around the country. Overall, I felt this grant was well written. This grant proposal is straight to the point, but gives enough information within most areas where clarification in not necessary. This grant proposal falls under the community service, and civic engagement categories. Although this grant proposal is for an expansion of preexisting program, I canRead MoreSteps to Writing a Grant Proposal Essay1346 Words   |  6 PagesSteps to writing a grant proposal HSM270 September 11, 2011 Shelley Johnson-Gildwarg Steps to writing a grant proposal When writing a grant proposal there are many of different areas that need to be covered in the proposal. The proposal needs to have 11 different sections. These sections are: 1. Abstract—45 lines max. 2. Table of Contents—2 pages max. 3. Specific Aims (Needs/Problems, Working Hypothesis, Objectives, Interventions, etc.)—3 pages max. 4. Target Populations—2 pages max. Read MoreGrant Proposal1989 Words   |  8 Pagesimagine that your team is the planning unit in your local police department. The chief of police has told you that a philanthropist in town is considering giving a $100,000 grant to a worthy cause in the department. The chief has charged your team with deciding how, when, and where that money will be spent. This proposal will show what the award money will be used for within our communities along with why, when and where these services are needed. It will outline the costs for these proposedRead MoreSample Grant Proposal2607 Words   |  11 PagesRUNNING HEADER: Request for proposal Organization History *** was founded with a mission to be an alternative to incarceration. The organization is a private, free-standing, non-profit agency which is accessible to all, regardless of economic, ethnic or religious backgrounds. Since 1971, ***. has provided a highly successful, comprehensive, continuum of behavioral health services. Our formal treatment services have helped over 20,000 young people and their families. Under the *** umbrella, broadRead MoreSteps to Writing a Grant Proposal1257 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Steps to Writing a Grant Proposal Section One: Grant Proposal Writing For all organizations funding can be an issue. Depending if the organization is for profit, they depend on loans and revenue to support them, building inventory, and expanding. While non-profits depend on grants and donations to keep their organizations running. The most important with non-profits is writing grant proposals to keep the financial aspects of the organization intact. Human services need to take great care inRead MoreSteps to Writing a Grant Proposal1118 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Steps to Writing a Grant Proposal August 9, 2013 Programming Planning and Grant Proposal Writing in Human Services A grant proposal for human services is a written presentation of a program plan. This plan details how the applicant will approach the identified needs or problem with their proposed course of actions. The narrative section of a grant proposal usually includes the following sections: abstract, table of contents, specific aims/backgroundRead MoreSample Grant Proposal Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesGrant Proposal Robert Breedlove III Faculty: Allison Butler NUR 465: Population Health: Local, National, and Global approaches April 28, 2015 The student name indicated on this title page signifies that the author has read and understands the IWU Honesty Policy as outlined in the Student Handbook and IWU Catalog. Affixing this statement to the title page certifies that no cheating or dishonest use of information has occurred in completing this assignment. The work submitted is originalRead MoreUkraine Grant Proposal Essay1206 Words   |  5 PagesGrant Proposal Regarding Health Reform of Ukraine Addressing Two Key Building Block Areas: Financing and Leadership/Governance Minister Ambika Rautray, Minister of Health for Ukraine September 7, 2017 Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦2 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Health Care Reform...........................................................................................................4 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreiRead Grant Proposal Essay862 Words   |  4 PagesWashburn Womens Venture Partners: Proposal for Grant Funding: the iRead Common Reading Program Purpose: The iRead common reading program at Washburn University was developed to enhance the educational experience of the students and the greater Washburn/Topeka community. †¢ Common reading programs merge the curricular and cocurricular components of college and reinforce the message that learning occurs both inside and outside the classroom.* †¢ Such programs help students understand that readingRead MoreSafe Zone Grant Proposal Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesSAFE ZONE GRANT PROPOSAL MISSION To reduce suffering in the world and advocate humane behavior through providing rescue, rehabilitation, and safe zone to abandoned, neglected, and abused animals. THE ORGANIZATION †¢ This proposal is to fund emergency rescue, rehabilitation, and safe environment. †¢ Safe Zone is a non-profit organization. It is an outgrowth of rescue efforts that helps abused animals and providing them with their own safe zone. This organization although requires the financial support

Welcome - 4165 Words

September 13, 2011 BUY Price at Sept 13, 2011 Price Target 52-Week Range $9.00 $10.50 $2.50 – $9.55 Lasco Manufacturing Limited Strong revenue growth, improved margins tax break Mario Ahjahorie Financial Analyst mahjahorie@scotiadbg.com Company Overview Lasco Manufacturing (LASM) is a company which was formed over a year ago and is the product of two long standing subsidiaries Lasco Food Proccessor’s Limited and Lasco Food’s Limited which together produce Soy and Milk based products. The amalgamation of the entities was in anticipation of their initial public offering and their combined product lines include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Lasco Whole Milk Lasco Readi Milk Lasco Food Drink Lasco Lasoy Lactose Free Lasco Oats Porridge†¦show more content†¦Economy weak, Lasco strong Producing for local consumption is challenging given the weak economic background. The economy eked out a growth rate of 1.5% for Q1 March 2011, after 3 years of contraction. It means consumers’ spending power is still lukewarm as the growth rate was not enough to make a meaningful dent on the unemployment rate. Fortunately for Lasco, their products are positioned at the lower end of the spectrum, which allowed them to ben efit from a shift in consumer spending habits. On the flip side, a recovery in the economy could see consumers shifting away from Lasco products. To combat this, the company will have to ensure their products are not branded only as low cost alternatives but also as high quality products when consumers regain their Figure 4: GDP Economy vs GDP Distribution 1.0% 0.0% Mar-08 -1.0% -2.0% -3.0% -4.0% Sep-08 Mar-09 Sep-09 Mar-10 Sep-10 Mar-11 Distribution GDP lagging Overall GDP rebound GDP - Economy GDP - Distribution Figure 5: Inflation - Reducing 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Apr-08 Oct-08 Apr-09 Oct-09 Apr-10 Oct-10 Inflation rate has abated and stabilized, allowing companies like Lasco to better control operating costs Figure 6: Exchange Rate - Stabilizing 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 01-Apr-08 01-Oct-08 01-Apr-09 01-Oct-09 01-Apr-10 01-Oct-10 Jamaican Dollar exhibiting stability since 2009. Lasco therefore benefits fromShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes A New Patient?2131 Words   |  9 Pagesaround in your favor. Making New Patients Feel Really Welcome What does your office do to welcome a new patient? If you are like most doctors in the field, not a whole lot, which is not where you want to be. The patient usually shows up for a long-awaited appointment, they slip into the waiting room without any fanfare, and then you say hello to them when you enter the room. Nothing special, that’s for sure. Nothing to make them feel really welcome at your office, like they are the one patient you haveRead Morewelcome2055 Words   |  9 PagesCHAPTER 3 LEADERSHIP: THE INTEGRATIVE VARIABLE TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 1. There is no singular purpose of leadership. 2. Influence can cause some behavior in some person for a specific purpose based on a power base. 3. Michael LeBoeuf refers to organizational theory, industrial engineering, and behavioral science as the dynamic triangle. 4. Conceptual skills are more operational than managerial. 5. Universal theories search for an explanation of leadership unrelated toRead MoreWelcome Letter808 Words   |  4 PagesSample Welcome Letter from the  Manager [An Informal Sample Welcome  Letter] When you’re  welcoming a new employee  to your organization, a  welcome letter  from the manager can set the tone for the entire relationship. You can make the welcome letter formal or informal but it can go a long way in making the new employee comfortable upon arrival for the first day of work. The welcome letter from the manager tells the new employee about the relationship he will have with the manager. It mayRead MoreWelcome Speech1448 Words   |  6 PagesAdult Learning (CRIDAL) for this endeavour. I am told that the conference will focus primarily on Asia, but the participants, over 100, have come from all over the world --- the subject is surely of global importance. Let me therefore add a word of welcome to the overseas participants. I wish you a pleasant stay in Hong Kong and fruitful deliberations at the conference. The operating environment for open and distance learning (ODL) is very different from the traditional tertiary environment to whichRead MoreWElcome Speech3614 Words   |  15 Pagesauspicious occasion by heartily welcoming every body.. I heartly welcome our Honorable Chief guest, Our Principal, Dear Teachers, and my fellow- friends... Its wonderful to see such amazing gathering once in a happy year.. today we all have gathered here for the annual day celebration.. I wel-come everybody with all my pleasant greetings, and I wish the celebration makes you smile and cheer you up with full of joy and entertainment.. A warm welcome to all – board members, colleagues, guests and friends ofRead MoreHeartbreak On The Welcome Mat955 Words   |  4 PagesHeartbreak on the Welcome Mat The atmosphere of the ominous Wednesday night left me in discomfort. The feeling of the humid air pressed down upon my skin. That night replays in my mind constantly. As if my spirit wasn’t unsettled enough, I walked to the dark SUV to find my dad in the driver seat. Dad never picked me up; something had to be out of order. Half way home I decided to break the silence of the dark car by telling my dad about the recent fight my mom and I got into. All of our fights wereRead MoreWelcome to Harmony Essay1121 Words   |  5 PagesWelcome to Harmony: Population 300; The sign read as Daryl gently eased the bike up in to the empty pharmacy parking lot and shut off the motor. From what he could see of the small town he had found, there was a pharmacy, a grocery store, a clothing store, a local doctors office, and a post office. That was about it. There wasn’t much going on for the town of Harmony, past or present. He looked around to make sure walkers hadn’t heard him pull in. The last thing he needed was to be caught in theRead MoreManagement and Welcome Speech1125 Words   |  5 PagesMore Welcome Speech For The Business Meeting Essays and Term Papers Advanced Search Documents 1 - 20 of 919 Hi Welcome Speech Welcome Speech Good morning respected dignitaries, faculty members, my dear friends and lovely juniors. It’s my pleasure to be over here taking responsibility to share my views with you people. I feel proud to join this college which has well esteemed lecturers and with good academic Excell Premium 449 Words 2 Pages Welcome Speech Read MoreWelcome To The Workplace Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesWelcome to the Marketplace Now that your property is about to go to market, as an owner you may be subjected to pressures and challenges that can be stressful. As your chosen real estate agency, it is my intention — via this document — to prepare you to meet these situations and to make the sale of your property an enjoyable and rewarding experience. This information has been compiled from vendor experiences encountered over years in selling real estate. Challenge 1 â€Å"What should I do if otherRead MoreA Welcome At Survivor Camp2103 Words   |  9 PagesWelcome students to Survivor Camp! Get everyone excited to learn survival skills while tackling Survivor challenges as a tribe. Share the first Survivor Mail with the group: {format similar to the story in Pirate Camp? Should be stylish set apart in some way so it stands out from the other scripted parts} Hello Castaways! Welcome to Survivor Camp! You have been dropped in a remote area somewhere in the United States. There are no buildings, cars, roads, cell phones, computers or other people

Small Business and Entrepreneurship

Question: Discuss about the Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Answer: Introduction: Business plan is a roadmap to success. It must be done correctly and thoroughly as the document is the perfect way to introduce the company to potential stakeholders or investors. The primary points of emphasis of a business plan are the business concept, financial features and requirements, environmental forces governing the business and evaluation of potential risks (Baluku, Kikooma, Kibanja, 2016). Every business needs to state what exactly it needs to sell and the target market. The description of industry, type of operation, legal form, distribution process and competitive edge needs to be provided. Every entrepreneur needs to present these details accurately with the most appropriate development. Further, a business plan needs an elaboration and specification of the capital requirements for starting up a business venture. The capital allocation and funding structure needs to be specified (Koenig, Schlaegel, Gunkel, 2013). The highlights of the important financial points including profits, return on investment, sales and cash flows needs to be determined and analysed. A brief yet thorough description of the macro and micro environment needs to be conducted to keep account of any uncertainties. A competitive analysis shall help in providing details about the competitive environment that shall be faced by the new business venture. Potential risks that may be related to health or business shall be evaluated (Au et al., 2014). All the above information needs to be put under business plan so that the present and future outlook is well established. However, the above may change as the business start-up evolves into an ongoing venture. When a business venture begins and business strategies start taking form, results are obtained. The business could begin as a successful venture or might need improvement. The main elements that change in an ongoing venture are financial elements and management strategies (Koenig, Schlaegel, Gunkel, 2013). The organization goes through several phases after initiation and the entrepreneur may realize the need of less of greater resources (financial, technological and human). The entrepreneur may also come to realization that the business requires modification in allocation of funds. There might be certain areas that require more funds while there might be others that require significantly less investment. The changes in fund allocation shall be made accordingly (Cassar, 2014). The technology-based companies adapt and keep up with rapidly changing markets, products, and competitors for survival. With the changing trends, tastes and preferences of customers, the technology-based companies such as Google, Apple, IBM and various others are rapidly changing. The IT companies monitor customers closely and observe what they are buying. A sensitivity analysis is conducted by them to determine the possible business and strategy implications. The technology-based companies welcome failure as a part of their organizational culture. By constantly adding feedback loops helps them ensuing if they are on the right trajectory. It takes a long time to implement technology in the market from discovery (Daniel, Vzquez Cano, Gisbert, 2015). The IT companies focus both on success and failure so that they can work smarter. The technology companies are process focused. The adaptable organizations foster a culture of accountability. It is built with systems perspectives so that the employees a technology firms understand how their decisions shall impact others as well. Rather than co-operating, the technology based firms choose to compete against the competitors (Poulis, Poulis, Dooley, 2013). This is because the newest technology gains significant market share. The followers of the same or similar technology gains less customer popularity comparatively. A strategy creates direction and vision for an organization to prevent individuals from distorting away or losing sight of the organizational aims. Resources refer to the physical, human and financial resources that are essential to run an organization. Strategic thinking is important to the organization as it helps an organization become more successful. Strategy helps the organizations to identify emerging opportunities and adapt to the marketplace needs (Koenig, Schlaegel, Gunkel, 2013). Resources help the organization attain its goals. Without finance, technology and human resources, an organization is deemed to fail. The tangible and intangible assets of any organization help it bringing close to the desired goals or objectives (Oxtorp, 2014). However, strategy is also useful in times of resource limitations. Every organizational leader needs to avoid costly mistakes so that the resources are not wasted. Strategy helps in framing the ways and procedures in which the resources can be used more effectively. Without proper strategic thinking and execution the organizations might fail, although it is not possible to attain goals without using resources. Therefore, both the terms are mutually exclusive. Without having one, the company cannot have the other successfully (Klingebiel Rammer, 2013). Not all entrepreneurs are successful. There are a set of traits that make them able to succeed from other individuals. One of the most common entrepreneurial traits is that the entrepreneurs are full of determination. The entrepreneurs are determined to grow their business, increase sales and hire employees to execute the strategy successfully. A good entrepreneur does not crumble under pressure. The successful entrepreneurs are not afraid to take major risks. The entrepreneurs have high level of confidence that makes them able to do their job successful even under stress and pressure. They understand that big challenges help in bagging great rewards. The entrepreneurs are able to focus on the finish line and they grab any possible opportunity and challenge. They crave learning and strive to constantly evolve. A smart entrepreneur considers failure as a part of the game. The entrepreneurs consider failure as a secret to success and as learning experiences (Kolb Wagner, 2014). An entrepreneur is highly passionate about his business and enjoys whatever he does. If one does not enjoy what is doing, he shall collapse in times of stress and pressure. The entrepreneurs are extremely adaptable and respond to changes or any uncertainty real quick. They make quick decisions that allow them to drive in the business environments. An entrepreneur makes excellent financial decisions regarding spending and allocation of funds. They have a clear financial map that can help sustain their business. An entrepreneur has a strong contact list and networking chain. They build value-based relationships that are long-term in nature and mutually beneficial (Koenig, Schlaegel, Gunkel, 2013). Successful entrepreneurs take initiatives to assist others in style and control. They are independent and do everything in their power to make a venture successful. They are knowledge seekers and are clearly able to convey their business ideas. A business can be successful if the entrepreneur has a strong sense of ethics and integrity (Klingebiel Rammer, 2013). While cheaters and thieves may win in the short term, they invariably lose out in the long run. Entrepreneurs are also known for their drive for innovating new ideas and modify existing processes. They focus on effectiveness to win business. They enjoy challenges and like to win. They are in constant competition with themselves to make the business venture bigger. Effective people nurture these relationships and surround themselves with people who can help make them more effective. Any good leader is only as good as those who support him (Al Mamun Ekpe, 2016). References Al Mamun, A. Ekpe, I. (2016). Entrepreneurial traits and micro-enterprise performance: a study among women micro-entrepreneurs in Malaysia.Development In Practice,26(2), 193-202. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2016.1135879 Au, K., Chiang, F., Birtch, T., Kwan, H. (2014). Entrepreneurial financing in new business ventures: a help-seeking behavior perspective.International Entrepreneurship And Management Journal,12(1), 199-213. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11365-014-0332-5 Baluku, M., Kikooma, J., Kibanja, G. (2016). Psychological capital and the startup capitalentrepreneurial success relationship.Journal Of Small Business Entrepreneurship,28(1), 27-54. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2015.1132512 Cassar, G. (2014). Industry and startup experience on entrepreneur forecast performance in new firms.Journal Of Business Venturing,29(1), 137-151. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.10.002 Daniel, S., Vzquez Cano, E., Gisbert, M. (2015). The Future of MOOCs: Adaptive Learning or Business Model?.RUSC. Universities And Knowledge Society Journal,12(1), 64. https://dx.doi.org/10.7238/rusc.v12i1.2475 Klingebiel, R. Rammer, C. (2013). Resource allocation strategy for innovation portfolio management.Strategic Management Journal,35(2), 246-268. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.2107 Koenig, M., Schlaegel, C., Gunkel, M. (2013). Entrepreneurial Traits and Strategy in the Performance of Owner-manager Led Firms: A Meta-analysis.Academy Of Management Proceedings,2013(1), 15671-15671. https://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.110 Kolb, C. Wagner, M. (2014). Crowding in or crowding out: the link between academic entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial traits.The Journal Of Technology Transfer,40(3), 387-408. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-014-9346-y Oxtorp, L. (2014). Dynamic managerial capability of technology-based international new venturesa basis for their long-term competitive advantage.Journal Of International Entrepreneurship,12(4), 389-420. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10843-014-0133-5 Poulis, E., Poulis, K., Dooley, L. (2013). Information communication technology innovation in a non-high technology sector: achieving competitive advantage in the shipping industry.The Service Industries Journal,33(6), 594-608. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2011.623776

The Wretched Of The Earth Essays - Marxist Humanists,

The Wretched Of The Earth Fanon's book, "The Wretched Of The Earth" like Foucault's "Discipline and Punish" question the basic assumptions that underlie society. Both books writers come from vastly different perspectives and this shapes what both authors see as the technologies that keep the populace in line. Foucault coming out of the French intellectual class sees technologies as prisons, family, mental institutions, and other institutions and cultural traits of French society. In contrast Frantz Fanon (1925-1961) born in Martinique into a lower middle class family of mixed race ancestry and receiving a conventional colonial education sees the technologies of control as being the white colonists of the third world. Fanon at first was a assimilationist thinking colonists and colonized should try to build a future together. But quickly Fanon's assimilationist illusions were destroyed by the gaze of metropolitan racism both in France and in the colonized world. He responded to the shattering of his neo-colonial identity, his white mask, with his first book, Black Skin, White Mask, written in 1952 at the age of twenty-seven and originally titled "An Essay for the Disalienation of Blacks." Fanon defined the colonial relationship as one of the non recognition of the colonized's humanity, his subjecthood, by the colonizer in order to justify his exploitation. Fanon's next novel, "The Wretched Of The Earth" views the colonized world from the perspective of the colonized. Like Foucault's questioning of a disciplinary society Fanon questions the basic assumptions of colonialism. He questions whether violence is a tactic that should be employed to eliminate colonialism. He questions whether native intellectuals who have adopted western methods of thought and urge slow decolonization are in fact part of the same technology of control that the white world employs to exploit the colonized. He questions whether the colonized world should copy the west or develop a whole new set of values and ideas. In all these questionings of basic assumptions of colonialism Fanon exposes the methods of control the white world uses to hold down the colonies. Fanon calls for a radical break with colonial culture, rejecting a hypocritical European humanism for a pure revolutionary consciousness. He exalts violence as a necessary pre-condition for this rupture. Fanon supported the most extreme wing of the FLN, even opposing a negotiated transition to power. His book though sees the relationship and methods of control in a simplistic light; he classifies whites, and native intellectuals who have adopted western values and tactics as enemies. He fails to see how these natives and even the white world are also victims who in what Foucault calls the stream of power and control are forced into their roles by a society which itself is forced into a role. Fanon also classifies many colonized people as mentally ill. In his last chapter he brings up countless cases of children, adults, and the elderly who have been driven mad by colonialism. In one instance he classifies two children who kill their white playmate with a knife as insane. In isolating these children classifying there disorders as insanity caused by colonialism he ironically is using the very thought systems and technologies that Foucault points out are symptomatic of the western disciplinary society. Fanon's book filled with his anger at colonial oppression was influential to Black Panther members Newton and Seale. As students at Merrit College, in Oakland, they had organized a Soul Students' Advisory Council, which was the first group to demand that what became known as African-American studies be included in the school curriculum. They parted ways with the council when their proposal to bring a drilled and armed squad of ghetto youths onto campus, in commemoration of Malcolm X's birthday, the year after his assassination, was rejected. Seale and Newton's unwillingness to acquiesce to more moderate views was in large part influenced by Fanon's ideas of a true revolutionary consciousness. In retrospect Fanon's efforts to expose the colonial society were successful in eliminating colonialism but not in eliminating the oppression taking place in the colonized world. Today the oppression of French colonialism in Algeria has been replaced by the violence of the civil war in Algeria, and the dictator of Algeria who has annulled popular elections, a the emergence of radical Islam

Comparison between Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby and Jack Claytons cinematographic adaptation Essays

Comparison between Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby and Jack Claytons cinematographic adaptation Essays Comparison between Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby and Jack Claytons cinematographic adaptation Paper Comparison between Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby and Jack Claytons cinematographic adaptation Paper A good story can be told in many different ways. That is what happens with our oral narrative. It goes from mouth to mouth and each narrator gives to it a teaspoon of personal taste. The same occurs when a novel is transformed into a script for a movie. Movies give us the chance to see with our physical eyes what we have pictured in our minds. Words take human form and carry us along the story. Yet, what we see is very limited, our approach to the characters and events is determined by the purpose of the director; what we see is what he wants us to see. In the case of The Great Gatsby, the story is followed very loyally, but emphasis is put on different aspects, for the movie differs in its objective, and appeals to a different audience. There is a clear difference between Fitzgeralds purpose and the one of Jack Clayton. For the former one, The Great Gatsby is an instrument to criticize the American dream and uncover the shallowness of society. While he introduces Gatsby as someone who respresented everything for which I have an unaffected scorn, he still finds that there was something gorgeous about him, some heightened sensitivity for the promises of life(p8). For the director of the movie, Gatsby is more literally a man with a romantic readiness that distinguishes himself from the rest. He is a tragic heroe, someone whose romantic blindness finds no place in society. Yet, the movie does not blame society for Gatsbys destruction; no- he is a dreamer, he is deaf to a reality that speaks loud enough. Fitzgerald, through Nicks voice, condemns society very clearly since the beginning and with the most cruel words. Gatsby turned out all right at the end; it is what preyed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams that temporarily closed out my interest in the abortive sorrows and shortwide elations of men. (p8). While the writer uses the characters as a bridge to discovering Gatsbys life and as an instrument of disillusion, Clayton puts emphasis on each character as an individual; he embodies in an abstraction what Fitzgerald describes with an artistic pastiche of actions and reactions. In the book, everything we see is seen through the eyes of Nick Carraway. An evidence, and an excellent literary technique, is when Nick has had some many drinks and images in his memory start to be blurred: It was nine oclock- almost immediately afterward I looked at my watch and found it was ten. (p38). The movie, on the other hand, shows us images we can decipher for ourselves. We can see, or at least assume, Nick is tipsy because we see how many drinks he has had, and we observe in his face the lost look of someone who is starting to feel the effect of alcohol. When Nick describes the whiteness of the house and the dresses, he loads his description with similies and visual images. Clayton, on the other side, creates this image phisically; everything in the setting is horribly white, and with a short glance he substitutes the magic of Fitzgeralds words. Nevertheless, his method is not less effective in its purpose, though it is a different one. The book appeals to hypocrisy through the contrast between white and the immorality with which everyone is stained. The movie stays with the superficial meaning of white as the dream in which Gatsby is submerged, the whiteness he creates by filling Nicks house with white daisies and dressing in a white suit. Although the story in the movie is presented by Nick in first person narrative, the movies structure has more to do with the structure of a comic series, where the narrator is only an introduction to the setting and/or the action taking place. Whilst in the book Nick is a filter through which we receive an account on the events, in the movie his intervention between us and the story is very little; he abandons his outsider perspective and plays here a character in his own. This is a resource used by Clayton to emphasize again the importance of each character, including his narrator, as an individual. When drunk, sad or happy, it is not through his voice (internal) that we get to know about his state, but through observing externally his actions and judging for ourselves. Whenever he makes an assumption in the book Now it was again a green light on a dock. His count of enchanted objects had diminished by one (p90), Clayton replaces that thought for an action in itslef, an action in which Nick has no intervention, the sad look in Gatsbys eyes is something we become aware ourselves, with no need for words. This happens very often, another example is when Nick narrates the moment when, five years ago, he kissed her(p107). Clayton replaces this thoroughly described moment and all its mistery with a romantic dreamlike environment created by Gatsby and Daisy in their moments of reminiscense: D:-I wish you had your uniform G:-I do still have my uniform D:-Then, you are a sentimental man. Yet, everything we see is as imagined by the director, the visual image is therefore imposed on us, in contrast to the image we create ourselves from the reading of the book. Another difference in structure is the chronology of the story. Both of them apply a retrospective view. Yet, the movie follows a circular construction, starting with a walk through Gatsbys house once he is dead, glancing at the collection of pictures and articles of Daisys life, breathing the still air of a house that has held its last party. Then the whole story is told from the beginning, when Nick arrives in Daisys house till we are driven back to the empty house with its lugubrious stillness. This is, once more, a choice made by Clayton to achieve his aim, to portray the romantic aspect of the story. The book on the other hand, is a deliberate criticism born in the interior of a mans soul. It is more of a psychological structure, a telling of the story as it comes to mind, Reading over what I have written so far, I see I have given the impression that the events of three nights severa weeks apart were all that absorbed me (p56), as it makes sense. Nick admits this when he says: He told me all this very much later, but Ive put it down here with the idea of exploding those first wild rumours about his antecedents (p97). Symbols play an important role in both book and movie. Yet, the latter neglects some of the symbols originally found in Fitzgeralds piece. This is the case of the clock that represented the passing of time that Gatsby so foolishly denied. Luckily the clock took this moment to tilt dangerously at the pressure of his head, whereupon he turned and caught it with trembling fingers, and set it back in place, then he said I am sorry about the clock (p84). In the movie, ho wever, the clock never falls. The reason for this is that this symbol does not satisfy the directors purpose. Instead, a bird is presented as a symbol of the love between Daisy and Jay. This feathered creature appears when both of them are together in the poolside. Its second appearance is toward the end, when Daisy is gone forever. Gatsby turns back hoping to find her there, he calls out her name, but the dream is over; the bird flies away abruptly. There is a saying in my country: bird that ate, flew away. This could be a second interpretation, although not as romantic. Movie and book tell the very same story in very different ways, making emphasis in what will contribute to achieving their respective purposes. Both of them are very successful in that and, whatever the choices and changes made by Clayton, they can be easily indulged for he presents to us another aspect of Great Gatsby: the greatness of his individuality. Gatsby dies and is purified, he is a romantic heroe that needs no excuse for he has lived a life in pursue of a dream, which he owns. Both writer and director condemn this illusion: one sceptically calls it hope, the other very superficially calls it love. Fitzgerald lies the blame on society: society killed Gatsbys dream and with it, everything that Gatsby meant. Clayton portrays him as this romantic figure who gives up everything for an illusion. Yet, his means to reach that blind illusion that has no shape nor content any more, that something that was but will never be again, are very distorted in the context of his humanity. What makes him such a special individual is, ironically, what erases any individuality in him, what in the end, kills him for he has no aim any more.

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